A nuclear chemist measures the mass defect of nickel-56 and finds it to be 0.4667 amu. Based on this number, (a) calculate the nuclear binding energy in units of joule and (b) calculate the binding energy per nucleon in units of joule. Show the complete processes and bold the final answers.
Answers
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
Number of protons = 28
Number of neutrons = 28
Mass of each proton = 1.007277 amu
Mass of 28 protons = 28 * 1.007277 amu = 28.203756 amu
Mass of each neutron = 1.008665 amu
Mass of 28 neutrons = 28 * 1.008665 amu = 28.24262 amu
mass defect of nickel-56 = 0.4667 amu
Binding energy = Δmc^2
Binding energy = 0.4667 *(3 * 10^8)^2
Binding energy =4.2 * 10^16 J
Binding energy per nucleon = 4.2 * 10^16 J/56
Binding energy per nucleon = 7.5 * 10^14 J
Related Questions
Which ecosystem is the least stable?
A. A rain forest
B. A cornfield
C. A savanna
D. A coral reef
Answers
Simplify (4.64 x 10¹5) + (8 × 10¹2 ) and write the answer in scientific notation.
Answers
The numbers (4.64 x \(10^{15\)) + (8 × \(10^{12\) ) will be simplified as scientific notation as \(4.6 X 10^{15\).
To add these two numbers, we need to make sure they have the same exponent. We can convert 8 × \(10^{12\) to scientific notation with the same exponent as 4.64 × 10¹5:
8 × \(10^{12\) = 0.008 × \(10^{15\)
Now we can add the two numbers:
(4.64 × \(10^{15\)) + (0.008 × \(10^{15\)) = 4.648 × \(10^{15\)
Thus, we can simplify this answer by rounding to two significant figures and expressing it in scientific notation: 4.6 × \(10^{15\).
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What do we call process by which water moves from an area of high concentration to low concentration?
Answers
The process by which water moves from an area of high concentration to low concentration is known as osmosis.
Osmosis is the spontaneous net movement or diffusion of solvent molecules thru a selectively-permeable membrane from a region of excessive water potential to an area of low water ability, within the course that tends to equalize the solute concentrations on the 2 facets.
Osmosis is the motion of water molecules from an answer with an excessive awareness of water molecules to an answer with a lower concentration of water molecules, thru a mobile's in part permeable membrane.
Osmosis is the movement of a solvent throughout a semipermeable membrane closer to a better concentration of solute. In organic structures, the solvent is generally water, however, osmosis can arise in different beverages, supercritical drinks, or even gases.
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Which of the atoms listed below has the largest radius?
A) AI
B) P
C) Si
D) Na
E) Mg
Answers
According to the given statement Na of the atoms listed below has the largest radius.
What is an atom?An atom is made up of a core nucleus and one or even more electrons with negative charges that orbit it. The positively charged, comparatively hefty protons and neutrons that make it up the nucleus may be present. The fundamental building components of matter are atoms.
How are atoms made?Atoms are made up of a nucleus in the center that is surrounded by protons, neutrons, and electron. Uranium is divided into smaller atoms during the fission process, creating new atoms. The creation or atoms in enormous numbers can be seen in the Big Bang and Supernova phenomena.
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What describes a property of a proton?; What are 3 characteristics of a proton?
Answers
A positive charge is a property that best describes a proton. A proton is made up of three smaller particles called quarks.
Characteristics of a proton :
1. A proton is located inside the nucleus sometimes bounded together by nuclear forces along with neutrons.
2. A proton carries a charge of 1.6 x 10^-19 Coulomb. One Coulomb constitutes approximately 6.241 x 10^18 protons.
3. A proton has a mass of 1.67262 x 10^-27 kg or approximately 1 a.m.u It is almost equal to that of a hydrogen atom as its nucleus only consists of one proton and the rest of the atom constitutes one electron whose mass is nearly negligible.
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2. 4.6gof X is burnt completelyto produce 6.2g of X oxide (X,O). M (0) = 16 gmol ¹. Calculate the amount of oxygen that reacted in this experiment. [2 MARKS]
[ii] calculate the mass of 1 mole of x.[2mark]
[iii] predict and give a reason explaining the reaction of x2o in water.[1mark]
Answers
As per the given data, 1.6 grams of oxygen reacted in this experiment.
To calculate the amount of oxygen that reacted in the experiment, we need to determine the difference in the mass of X oxide (X,O) formed and the mass of X initially used.
Given:
Mass of X = 4.6 g
Mass of X oxide (X,O) = 6.2 g
To find the amount of oxygen that reacted:
Mass of oxygen = Mass of X oxide - Mass of X
= 6.2 g - 4.6 g
= 1.6 g
Therefore, 1.6 grams of oxygen reacted in this experiment.
Calculate the mass of 1 mole of X:
Given that the mass of X is 4.6 g, we can calculate the molar mass of X by dividing the mass by the number of moles:
Molar mass of X = Mass of X / Number of moles of X
Molar mass of X = 4.6 g / 0.1 mol
Molar mass of X = 46 g/mol
Therefore, the mass of 1 mole of X is 46 grams.
Thus, the answer is 46 grams.
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what is the element for gas
Answers
Answer:
If by gas you mean oxygen it is O.
We wish to determine the mass of Mg required to react completely with 250mL of 1.0 M HCI. HCI reacts with Mg according to the equation below.
2HCl(aq) + Mg(s) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
How many moles of HCI are present in 250. mL of 1.0 M HCl?
Answers
There are 0.25 moles of HCl present in 250 mL of 1.0 M HCl.
We have to calculate the number of moles of HCl present in some mL of 1.0M HCl. A mole is defined as the amount of substance in a system that contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon 12. We represent mole by the symbol 'mol'. Now, we will see how to calculate the number of moles.
We can calculate the number of moles of a substance using the following expression;
Molarity = no of moles of an element/volume
According to this question, we were given 250. mL of 1.0 M HCl. The number of moles will be calculated by the formula as follows;
no of moles of HCl = 0.250L × 1.0M
no of moles of HCl = 0.250 moles.
Therefore, 0.25 moles are present in 250 mL of 1.0 M HCl.
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Voltage causes current all of the choices O pushes free electrons around a circuit is measured in Volts
Answers
Answer:
B: All of the choices!
Explanation:
Choice 1: Simply, there is no current without voltage, so it DOES cause current.
Choice 3: Voltage DOES push free electrons around a circuit. Without it, free electrons will move around between atoms, but randomly, so they wouldn't be much use.
Choice 4: Voltage IS measured in volts, so this option is true as well.
Choice 2: Voltage is all of those answers, so it is true! :D
Hope i helped! :]
Answer:
Its B! :D
Explanation: I got it correct!
4. Styrene (A) and Butadiene (B) are to be polymerized in a
series of mixed-flow reactors, each of volume 25 m3. The rate
equation is first order with respect to A and B:
−rA = kACACB
where kA = 10−5 m3·kmol−1·s−1
The initial concentration of styrene is 0.8 kmol·m−3 and
of butadiene is 3.6 kmol·m−3. The feed rate of reactants
is 20 t·h−1. Estimate the total number of reactors required
for polymerization of 85% of the limiting reactant. Assume
the density of reaction mixture to be 870 kg·m−3 and the
molar mass of styrene is 104 kg·kmol−1 and that of butadiene
54 kg·kmol−1
Answers
The total number of reactors required for polymerization of 85% of the limiting reactant is 4.
The calculation of the total number of reactors required for polymerization of 85% of the limiting reactant for Styrene (A) and Butadiene (B) is explained below.
Given data: Volume of each reactor, V = 25 m³.
The rate equation is, -rA = kACACB ,where kA = 10⁻⁵ m³·kmol⁻¹·s⁻¹
Initial concentration of Styrene = CA0 = 0.8 kmol·m⁻³ .Initial concentration of Butadiene = CB0 = 3.6 kmol·m⁻³
Feed rate of reactants = 20 t·h⁻¹Density of reaction mixture = ρ = 870 kg·m⁻³
Molar mass of Styrene = MStyrene = 104 kg·kmol⁻¹Molar mass of Butadiene = MButadiene = 54 kg·kmol⁻¹
The limiting reactant in the polymerization is the reactant that gets consumed first. Let's assume that Butadiene is the limiting reactant since it has the lowest initial concentration.
Mass balance equation for Butadiene,
FA0 = CA0.V.QFA = ρ.V.Q.CB
Where FA0 is the initial flow rate of Styrene, Q is the total volumetric flow rate of reactants.
Since the reaction is first-order with respect to both Styrene and Butadiene,-rA = -rB = kACACBVolume of reactant fed in 1 h = Q × 3600s = 20,000 kg
For a batch of 85% limiting reactant conversion,
Total moles of Butadiene fed in 1 h, nB = CB0.V.Q × 3600 × 0.85
Moles of Styrene required to react with 85% of Butadiene, n
Styrene = nB (MButadiene/MStyrene) = 15.08 V.Qkg
Number of moles of Styrene per reactor required to reach the above requirement in 1 h,
nStyrene/reactor = nStyrene/Total Number of Reactors Total Volume of all Reactors= nStyrene/ (Total Volume of Reactors/V)
Number of Reactors required = Total Volume of Reactors / V = nStyrene / (nStyrene/reactor) = 15.08 V.Qkg / (CA0 × V × kA × CB0) ≈ 3.36 → 4Reactors Hence, the total number of reactors required for polymerization of 85% of the limiting reactant is 4.
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The meaning of the word symptom:
Answers
The word "symptom" refers to a specific manifestation or indication of a condition, disease, or disorder that is experienced or observed by an individual.
Symptoms are subjective or objective changes in the body's normal functioning that may be recognized as abnormal, uncomfortable, or problematic. Symptoms can manifest in various ways depending on the nature of the underlying condition. They can be physical, such as pain, rash, cough, fever, or fatigue, indicating an illness or injury affecting the body. Symptoms can also be psychological, such as anxiety, depression, or confusion, reflecting disturbances in mental health.
Symptoms serve as important clues for medical professionals to identify and diagnose diseases or disorders. They provide valuable information about the nature, severity, and progression of an illness, helping healthcare providers formulate appropriate treatment plans. Additionally, symptoms may also be important for individuals to self-assess their own health status and seek appropriate medical attention.
It is essential to note that symptoms alone may not provide a definitive diagnosis, as they can overlap across different conditions. Further evaluation, including medical tests and examinations, is often necessary to confirm a diagnosis and determine the appropriate course of action.
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The temperature of 150 mL of water is 25°C. What must happen for the temperature of the
water to increase to 35°C?
A. Thermal energy must be transferred to the water to increase the average kinetic
energy of the water molecules.
B. Thermal energy must be transferred from the water to decrease the average
kinetic energy of the water molecules.
C. Water must be removed to decrease the thermal energy.
D. More water must be added to increase the thermal energy.
Answers
Answer:D
Explanation:
Why does the Sun gravitationally dominate all other objects in the Solar System?
Answers
neon, a monatomic gas, that starts out at conditions of standard temperature and pressure (273.15 K, 105 Pa). Alice heats the gas at constant volume until its pressure is doubled, then Bob further heats the gas at constant pressure until its volume is doubled. If Alice and Bob assume that neon behaves as an ideal gas, then how much heat have they added to the gas for the entire process.
Answers
Answer:
819.45 K
Explanation:
Use the Ideal Gas Law to make sense of this problem, PV = nRT. From this equation, we know that pressure is directly proportional to temperature and that volume is also directly proportional to temperature. Therefore, doubling the temperature would double the pressure, and doubling the temperature would also double the volume. In the described scenario, the temperature is doubled twice, so the temperature is quadrupled (i.e. three times its original amount has been added).
The initial temperature was 273.15 K. Multiply this by 3 to get your answer of 819.45 K.
What is the purpose of
tendons
A.They attach to our internal organs to
control breathing and heartbeat.
B. They connect nerves to muscles
C. The connect muscles to organs
D. They attach the muscle to two bones
and allow for movement
Answers
Answer:
D)
Explanation:
A tendon is a fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone. Tendons may also attach muscles to structures such as the eyeball
True or False?
1. Water does not control Earth’s temperatures because the maximum amount of water vapor in the atmosphere depends on the air temperature.
2. Oxygen is a minor component of the atmosphere but a major contributor to global warming.
3. Greenhouse gases consist of molecules with 3 or more atoms
4. Greenhouse gases with asymmetric vibrations DO NOT absorb infrared energy
5. Ozone is a naturally occurring gas (O3) that absorbs UV rays, preventing them from reaching Earth's surface
6. Increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide are responsible for rising global temperatures
7. Preventing pollution at its source is harder than remediating a polluted ecosystem
8. Greenhouse gases vary in their ability to trap heat.
9. Water vapor is the most abundant greenhouse gas, accounting for over half of the warming of all the greenhouse gases.
10. Decreasing amounts of algal bloom kills plants below the water surface
11. Some naturally occurring atmospheric gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, help hold in warmth radiating off the surface of Earth.
12. Fracking is a safe method of oil and natural gas extraction.
Answers
1. Water controls Earth’s temperatures so the statement is false.
2. Oxygen is not a minor component of the atmosphere. the statement is False.
3. Greenhouse gases consist of molecules with 3 or more atoms. It is true.
4. Greenhouse gases with asymmetric vibrations absorb infrared energy. False.
5. . Ozone is a naturally occurring gas (O3) that absorbs UV rays, preventing them from reaching Earth's surface. True
6. Increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide are responsible for rising global temperatures. True.
7. False, preventing pollution at is source is not harder.
8. It is true that green house gases vary in their ability to trap heat.
9. It is true.
10. Decreasing amounts of algal bloom kills plants below the water surface. it is False.
11. The statement is true.
12. It is is false.
Detailed ExplanationGreenhouse gases are gases that trap heat resulting to what is known as green house effects and contributing greatly to global warming. Examples include methane, carbon dioxide etc.
Water control Earth’s temperatures because it brings about cooling.
when there's precipitation, the surfac of the earth becomes cooler.
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what is happening in galetown
Answers
They has been an occurrence of rainstorms in galetown.
what is rainstorm?This is simply when a downpour lasts for any length of time, it usually consists of short bursts of heavy rain interspersed with sporadic periods of lighter rain.
What causes a rainstorm?As the temperature rises, more ocean water evaporation occurs, releasing energy as well as water vapor into the atmosphere. The additional water vapor causes more rain and snow to fall. Intense downpours are likely to occur in areas that frequently rain. However, dry places are probably going to get even drier.
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What may be expected when K < 1.0? Choose the THREE correct statements. The concentration of one or more of the reactants is small. The concentration of one or more of the products is small. The reaction will not proceed very far to the right. The reaction will generally form more reactants than products.
Answers
Answer:
The concentration of one or more of the products is small.
The reaction will not proceed very far to the right.
The reaction will generally form more reactants than products
Explanation:
We often write
K =[Products]/[Reactants]
Thus, if K is small
We have fewer products than reactants We have more reactants than products The position of equilibrium lies to the leftA. is wrong. Usually, if K < 1, the concentration of reactants is greater than that of the products.
Why KHPo4 ignore effective as a buffer but kh2po4 is not
Answers
KH2PO4 is a more suitable choice as a buffer because it has a greater buffering capacity due to the presence of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
KHPo4 is not considered an effective buffer compared to KH2PO4 due to its limited buffering capacity. The effectiveness of a buffer is determined by the concentration and dissociation properties of its conjugate acid-base pair.
KH2PO4 is a salt composed of the weak acid H2PO4- and its conjugate base HPO4^2-. In an aqueous solution, KH2PO4 can dissociate to release H+ ions from the H2PO4- component, which acts as a weak acid, and the HPO4^2- component can accept H+ ions, acting as a weak base. This allows KH2PO4 to effectively resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to the solution.
On the other hand, KHPo4 consists of the strong acid H3PO4 and the weak base HPO4^2-. H3PO4 fully dissociates in water, providing a large concentration of H+ ions, making it difficult for the HPO4^2- to effectively act as a base and maintain pH stability.
Therefore, KH2PO4 is a more suitable choice as a buffer because it has a greater buffering capacity due to the presence of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
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Plants make their own food through a process called ____________.(6th grade science)
Answers
Answer:
Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Question:
Plants make their own food through a process called ____________.(6th grade science)Answer:
The correct answer to the blank is photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process that enables plants to get energy from the sun. Light energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy by chlorophyll. Chlorophyll gives plants their green color.Note: Sorry if this is not the answer you were looking for, but if this is a question from a test, please tell me so I can answer your question correctly (also credit to first person who answered).
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What volume in liters of carbon dioxide will be produced by the reaction of 18.5 liters of oxygen gas at STP?
L CO2
C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) --> 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g)
**Report your answer to the correct number of significant digits!
Answers
Answer:
0.16 L
Explanation:
Step 1: Write the balanced equation
C₃H₈(g) + 5 O₂(g) → 3 CO₂(g) + 4 H₂O(g)
Step 2: Calculate the moles of CO₂ produced from 0.012 moles of O₂
The molar ratio of O₂ to CO₂ is 5:3. The moles of CO₂ produced are 3/5 × 0.012 mol = 0.0072 mol.
Step 3: Calculate the volume occupied by 0.0072 moles of CO₂ at standard temperature and pressure
At STP, 1 mole of CO₂ occupies 22.4 L.
0.0072 mol × 22.4 L/1 mol = 0.16 L
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Which ions are isoelectronic with Krypton?
Answers
Answer:
Bromine
Explanation:
Bromine with an atomic number of 35 acquires one electron to attain 36 electrons. This makes it isoelectronic with krypton.
4. What is the name of the following branched chain hydrocarbon?a. Heptaneb. 3-methyl hexanec. 4-methyl hexaned. 2,2-dimethyl pentane
Answers
Answer:
b. 3-methyl hexane
Explanation:
To determine the name of a branched chain hydrocarbon, we can follow this steps:
- Identify the longest main chain. In this case, the main chain has 6 carbon atoms (that's why this is a hexane).
- Identify branches, and place them in the lowest position. In this case, the branch is a methyl and it is located in carbon number 3.
Finally, the name is written by placing first the position and type of lateral branch, and at the end the name of the main chain.
So, the name of this compound is 3-methyl hexane.
6th Grade Science question on Mass, Volume, and Density!! I've tried and tried and I can't figure it out!
Answers
20 POINTS HURRY!!!
A relationship in which one species benefits and the other is harmed is
A. mutualism.
B. cooperation.
C. commensalism.
D. parasitism.
Answers
Answer:
C. commensalism.
Explanation:
Here is the answer
Answer: THE ANSWER IS A
Explanation:
S plus 11r minus fifteen
Answers
Answer:
s+11r-15
Explanation:
convert 7.54 x 10^-8 m to nanometers
Answers
7.54 *\(10^8\) meters is 75.4 nanometers.
To convert 7.54 * \(10^8\) meters to nanometers, you can multiply the value by \(10^9\)
as, \(10^9\)nanometers = 1 meter.
7.54 * \(10^8\) m * \(10^9\) = 7.54 x \(10^1\) nm
Therefore, 7.54 *\(10^8\) meters is equal to 75.4 nanometers.
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To convert 7.54 x 10^-8 meters to nanometers, you multiply 7.54 x 10^-8 by 1 x 10^9 to get 75.4 nanometers.
Explanation:To convert meters to nanometers, you need to know that 1 meter is equivalent to 1 x 109 nanometers. Therefore, if you were to convert 7.54 x 10-8 m to nanometers, you would multiply 7.54 x 10-8 by 1 x 109.
Here's how you'd do it: 7.54 x 10-8 m * 1 x 109 nm/m = 75.4 nm. So, 7.54 x 10-8 meters is equivalent to 75.4 nanometers.
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H3PO4 + Ca(OH)2 ----> H2O + Ca3(PO4)2 If 10.3g of Ca(OH)2 reacts , How much water is made
Answers
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, if 10.3 g of Ca(OH)₂ reacts, 5.01 grams of H₂O are formed.
Reaction stoichiometryThe balanced reaction is:
2 H₃PO₄ + 3 Ca(OH)₂ → 6 H₂O + Ca₃(PO₄)₂
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
H₃PO₄: 2 molesCa(OH)₂: 3 molesH₂O: 6 molesCa₃(PO₄)₂: 1 moleThe molar mass of the compounds is:
H₃PO₄: 98 g/moleCa(OH)₂: 74 g/moleH₂O: 18 g/moleCa₃(PO₄)₂: 310 g/moleBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
H₃PO₄: 2 moles ×98 g/mole= 196 gramsCa(OH)₂: 3 moles ×74 g/mole= 222 gramsH₂O: 6 moles ×18 g/mole= 108 gramsCa₃(PO₄)₂: 1 mole ×310 g/mole= 310 gramsMass of water formedThe following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 222 grams of Ca(OH)₂ form 108 grams of H₂O, 10.3 grams of Ca(OH)₂ form how much mass of H₂O?
mass of H₂O= (10.3 grams of Ca(OH)₂ ×108 grams of H₂O)÷ 222 grams of Ca(OH)₂
mass of H₂O= 5.01 grams
Finally, 5.01 grams of H₂O are formed.
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Calculate the pH of a solution in which one normal adult dose of aspirin (640 mg ) is dissolved in 10 ounces of water. Express your answer to one decimal place.
Answers
The pH of the solution in which one normal adult dose aspirin is dissolved is : 2.7
Given data :
mass of aspirin = 640 mg = 0.640 g
volume of water = 10 ounces = 0.295735 L
molar mass of aspirin = 180.16 g/mol
moles of aspirin = mass / molar mass = 0.00355 mol
Determine the pH of the solutionFirst step : calculate the concentration of aspirin
= moles of Aspirin / volume of water
= 0.00355 / 0.295735
= 0.012 M
Given that pKa of Aspirin = 3.5
pKa = -logKa
therefore ; Ka = \(10^{-3.5}\) = \(3.162 * 10^{-4}\)
From the Ice table
\(3.162 * 10^{-4}\) = \(\frac{x + H^+}{[aspirin]}\) = \(\frac{x^{2} }{0.012-x}\)
given that the value of Ka is small we will ignore -x
x² = \(3.162 * 10^{-4} * 0.012\)
x = \(1.948 * 10^{-3}\)
Therefore
[ H⁺ ] = \(1.948 * 10^{-3}\)
given that
pH = - Log [ H⁺ ]
= - ( -3 + log 1.948 )
= 2.71 ≈ 2.7
Hence we can conclude that The pH of the solution in which one normal adult dose aspirin is dissolved is : 2.7
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how many grams of MgCl2 are contained in 0.50 L kc a 1.5 m solution?
Answers
0.50 L of a 1.5 m solution contains 71.4 grams of MgCl2.
To solve this problemThe equation moles of solute = molarity x volume (in liters) can be used.
When converting to grams, we may use the molar mass of the MgCl2 to determine how many moles there are in the solution.
MgCl2 has a molar mass of roughly 95.21 g/mol.
The volume must first be changed from liters to milliliters:
0.50 L = 500 mL
Next, we may determine how many moles of MgCl2 are present in the solution:
moles of MgCl2 = molarity x volume (in liters)
moles of MgCl2 = 1.5 mol/L x 0.50 L
moles of MgCl2 = 0.75 moles
Finally, we can figure out how much MgCl2 is present in the solution:
mass of MgCl2 = moles of MgCl2 x molar mass
mass of MgCl2 = 0.75 moles x 95.21 g/mol
mass of MgCl2 = 71.4 grams
Therefore, 0.50 L of a 1.5 m solution contains 71.4 grams of MgCl2.
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