A biochemical engineer isolates a bacterial gene fragment and dissolves a 10.0-mg sample in enough water to make 30.0 mL of solution. The osmotic pressure of the solution is 0.340 torr at 25°C. (a) What is the molar mass of the gene fragment?

Answer: Convection currents drive the movement of Earth's rigid tectonic plates in the planet's fluid molten mantle. In places where convection currents rise up towards the crust's surface, tectonic plates move away from each other in a process known as seafloor spreading  

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Answer:

\({ \rm{Pb_{3}( PO_{3})_{2} + 3K_{2}CO _{3} →2 K_{3} PO_{3} + 3PbCO_{3}}}\)

Answer:

changes that change the matter of the object and made it into another object

Explanation:

The wavelength of the wave is 1.33 * 10^-15 m.

We know that the De Broglie wavelength can be calculated from the statement of the wave particle duality principle. This principle holds that all the particles that exist also have an associated wavelength.

Thus;

λ= h/mv

λ= wavelength

h = Plank's constant

m = mass of the particle

v = velocity of the particle

Since;

λ= 6 * 10^-34 /1.66 x 10^-27 * (0.9 * 3 * 10^8)

λ=  6 * 10^-34 /4.482 * 10^-19

λ= 1.33 * 10^-15 m

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Answer:

1. 2.1 moles of Mg

2. 0.72 mole of Mg(OH)2

Explanation:

1. We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:

3Mg + 2AlBr3 —> 3MgBr2 + 2Al

From the balanced equation above, 3 moles of Mg reacted to produce 2 moles of Al.

Therefore, Xmol of Mg will react to produce 1.4 moles of Al i.e

Xmol of Mg = (3 x 1.4)/2

Xmol of Mg = 2.1 moles.

Therefore, 2.1 moles of Mg is required to 1.4 moles of Al.

2. We'll begin by calculating the number of mole in 26g of water, H2O.

This is illustrated below:

Molar mass of H2O = (2x1) + 16 = 18g/mol

Mass of H2O = 26g

Number of mole of H2O =?

Mole = Mass /Molar Mass

Number of mole of H2O = 26/18

Number of mole of H2O = 1.44 moles

Next, we shall write the balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:

2HNO3 + Mg(OH)2 —> Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O

Finally, we can obtain the number of mole of Mg(OH)2 used in the reaction as follow:

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of Mg(OH)2 reacted to produce 2 mole of H2O.

Therefore, Xmol of Mg(OH)2 will react to produce 1.44 moles of H2O i.e

Xmol of Mg(OH)2 = (1 x 1.44)/2

Xmol of Mg(OH)2 = 0.72 mole.

Therefore, 0.72 mole of Mg(OH)2 was used in the reaction.

To find the steady-state diffusion current density at x=5μm into the sample, we can use the formula for diffusion current density:

Jn = q * Dn * (δn / Lp)

Where:
Jn is the diffusion current density
q is the charge of an electron (1.6 x 10^-19 C)
Dn is the minority carrier diffusion coefficient
δn is the excess minority carrier concentration
Lp is the minority carrier diffusion length

First, let's calculate the diffusion coefficient using the Einstein relation:

Dn = μn * kb * T

Where:
μn is the minority carrier mobility
kb is Boltzmann's constant (1.38 x 10^-23 J/K)
T is the temperature in Kelvin

We are given:
δn = 3.3 x 10^13 cm^-3 (excess minority carrier concentration)
Lp = 7.5 μm (minority carrier diffusion length)

Substituting the values into the equation, we get:

Jn = (1.6 x 10^-19 C) * (Dn) * (3.3 x 10^13 cm^-3) / (7.5 μm)

Now, let's convert the units:
1 μm = 10^-4 cm
1 A = 10^2 mA

Jn = (1.6 x 10^-19 C) * (Dn) * (3.3 x 10^13 cm^-3) / (7.5 x 10^-4 cm)

Simplifying the equation, we have:

Jn = (1.6 x 10^-19 C) * (Dn) * (3.3 x 10^13 cm^-3) / (7.5 x 10^-4 cm)
  = (1.6 x 10^-19 C) * (Dn) * (3.3 x 10^13 cm^-3) * (1 / 7.5 x 10^-4 cm)
  = (1.6 x 10^-19 C) * (Dn) * (3.3 x 10^13 cm^-3) * (1.33 x 10^3 cm)

Finally, let's calculate the diffusion current density:

Jn = (1.6 x 10^-19 C) * (Dn) * (3.3 x 10^13 cm^-3) * (1.33 x 10^3 cm)
  = (5.28 x 10^-6 C * Dn)
As a result, we cannot determine the correct option from the given choices (a), (b), (c), (d), or (e).

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We find the diffusion current density to be 126 \(\frac{mA}{cm^{2} }\). The correct answer is (b) 126 \(\frac{mA}{cm^{2} }\).

To determine the steady-state diffusion current density at x=5μm into the sample, we can use the equation:

Jn = qDn * (dn/dx)

Where Jn is the diffusion current density, q is the charge of an electron (1.6 × \(10^{-19}\) C), Dn is the diffusion coefficient of the minority carrier, and (dn/dx) is the gradient of the minority carrier concentration.

First, let's calculate the diffusion coefficient using the Einstein relationship:

Dn = k * T * μn

Where k is Boltzmann's constant (1.38 × \(10^{-23}\) J/K), T is the temperature in Kelvin (300 K), and μn is the minority carrier mobility.

Next, let's find the gradient of the minority carrier concentration:

(dn/dx) = (Δn/Δx)

Given that the minority carrier concentration at x=0 is 3.3×\(10^{13}\)  \(cm^{-3}\) and the minority carrier diffusion length is 7.5μm, we can find the concentration gradient:

Δn = 3.3×\(10^{13}\)  \(cm^{-3}\)  - 5×\(10^{15}\)  \(cm^{-3}\) (uniform doping)
Δx = 5μm - 0μm

Now, substitute the values into the equations and calculate the diffusion current density:

Dn = k * T * μn
Δn = 3.3×\(10^{13}\)  \(cm^{-3}\) - 5×\(10^{15}\)  \(cm^{-3}\)
Δx = 5μm - 0μm
Jn = qDn * (dn/dx)

By plugging in the values and solving the equation, we find the diffusion current density to be:

Jn ≈ 126 \(\frac{mA}{cm^{2} }\)

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Answer:

The solute is the substance being dissolved.

The solvent is the substance dissolving the solute.

Therefore, the salt is the solute and the water is the solvent.

Explanation:

The salt is the solute.

The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. This means that the total mass of the reactants in a chemical reaction must equal the total mass of the products.

One way to demonstrate the law of conservation of mass is to conduct a simple chemical reaction in which a solid reactant is transformed into a gas product. For example, you can heat a piece of zinc metal in a test tube and observe the production of zinc oxide gas.

To set up the activity, you will need:

A piece of zinc metal

A test tube

A test tube holder

A bunsen burner

A tripod and wire gauze

Here's how to conduct the activity:

Set up the bunsen burner and place the test tube holder on the tripod.

Place the piece of zinc metal in the test tube.

Place the test tube in the test tube holder.

Light the bunsen burner and adjust the flame so that it is not too hot.

Hold the test tube over the flame until the zinc metal begins to react and produce gas.

Observe the gas being produced and note any changes in the appearance of the zinc metal.

As the zinc metal reacts with the oxygen in the air, it will produce zinc oxide gas. You should see the mass of the zinc metal decrease as it is transformed into gas. However, the total mass of the reactants (zinc metal and oxygen) will be equal to the total mass of the products (zinc oxide gas).

This activity demonstrates the law of conservation of mass, as the total mass of the reactants and products remains constant.

The correct answer is C. Climate change

Explanation:

Long-term environmental changes occur as major events affect the environment and ecosystems indefinitely. These events differ from short-term environmental changes because the effect of short-term environmental changes is mainly temporary. Also, long-term changes are usually gradual.

Climate change is an example of long-term environmental changes because this implies indefinite and major changes in weather patterns and ecosystems. For example, it is believed climate change will decrease the amount of ice in Earth, change sea level, and lead to the extinction of dozens of species. This does not occur with events such as el niño or a small asteroid impact that affect the environment for a short time and do not imply major changes.

Answer:

it is c) climate change

Explanation:

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The mass of titanium that can be extracted from 570 kg of titanium chloride is 144302.4 g.

Titanium chloride weighs 570 kg, or = 570000 / 189.6 moles. As 189.6 g make up 1 mole of titanium chloride, that equals 3006.3 moles.

Now, we can see from the equation that 1 mole of titanium chloride results in 1 mole of titanium.

Consequently, 3006.3 moles of titanium chloride are converted into 3006.3 moles of titanium.

Considering the atomic weights of Cl 35.5 and Ti 48

So, 48 x 3006.3 g times 3 moles of titanium equals 144302.4 g.

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Answer: The mass density is 1166.36 \(kg/m^{3}\).

Explanation:

Given: Weight of sample in air \((F_{air})\) = 500 N

Weight of sample in alcohol \((F_{alc})\) = 200 N

Specific gravity = 0.7 = \(0.7 \times 1000 = 700 kg/m^{3}\)

Formula used to calculate Buoyant force is as follows.

\(F_{B} = F_{air} - F_{alc}\\= 500 - 200 \\= 300 N\)

Hence, volume of the material is calculated as follows.

\(V = \frac{F_{B}}{\rho \times g}\)

where,

\(F_{B}\) = Buoyant force

\(\rho\) = specific gravity

g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.81

Substitute the values into above formula.

\(V = \frac{F_{B}}{\rho \times g}\\= \frac{300}{700 \times 9.81}\\= \frac{300}{6867}\\= 0.0437 m^{3}\)

Now, mass of the material is calculated as follows.

\(mass = \frac{F_{air}}{g}\\= \frac{500 N}{9.81}\\= 50.97 kg\)

Therefore, density of the material or mass density is as follows.

\(Density = \frac{mass}{volume}\\= \frac{50.97 kg}{0.0437 m^{3}}\\= 1166.36 kg/m^{3}\)

Thus, we can conclude that the mass density is 1166.36 \(kg/m^{3}\).

Answer:

[C₆H₁₂O₆] = 0.139 M

Explanation:

Molarity si defined as a sort of concentration. It indicates the moles of solute that are contained in 1 L of solution.

We can also say, that molarity are the mmoles of solute contained in 1 mL of solution.

For this case, the solute is sugar (glucose). Let's determine M (mmol/mL)

(3.95 g . 1mol / 180g) . (1000 mmol / 1mol) / 158 mL

We determine moles, we convert them to mmoles, we divide by mL

M = 0.139 M

Moles = 3.95 g . 1mol / 180g → 0.0219 mol

We convert mL to L → 158 mL . 1L/1000mL = 0.158L

M = 0.0219 mol / 0.158L = 0.139 M

Among the given elements, Chlorine (symbol: Cl) has the highest (most negative) electron affinity.

Electron affinity is defined as the amount of energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to a neutral atom in the gaseous state to form a negative ion. Chlorine has an electron affinity of -349 kJ/mol, which is the highest among the given options.

Electron affinity is a physical property of an atom or a molecule that refers to the amount of energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to a neutral atom or molecule to form a negative ion. It is a measure of how much an atom or a molecule "likes" or attracts an additional electron.

Therefore, the correct answer is C. Cl.

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Answer:

Independent variable- nature of irrigation water

Dependent variable- height of the plants

Explanation:

In every study, there must be an independent and a dependent variable. The dependent variable changes its value as the value of the independent variable changes.

When the nature of irrigation water is manipulated, the height of the plant changes accordingly. This implies that the nature of irrigation water (microwaved or tap water) is the independent variable while the height of the plant (the response) is the dependent variable.

An alpha particle emission causes the atomic number of a nuclide to decrease by 2 and its mass number to decrease by 4.

Nuclear Emission explains the release of energy stored in the nucleus of an atom in the form of particles like alpha particles, beta particles, gamma ray etc.

When a nucleus emits an alpha particle, it loses 2 protons and 2 neutrons, so its atomic number decreases by 2 and its mass number decreases by 4.

Hence, option 1 is correct.

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We have that  the time that will have elapsed when 25.00 grams remains is

T=72hours

From the question we are told

100.0 grams of an isotope with a half-life of 36.0 hours is present at time zero. How much time will have elapsed when 25.00 grams remains?

Generally the equation for the Half life  is mathematically given as

Where

\(X=\frac{25}{100}\\\\X=0.25\\\\Therefore\\\\\frac{1}{2}^n=0.25\\\\n=2 half lives\)

Therefore

T=2*36

T=72 hours

Hence

 the time that will have elapsed when 25.00 grams remains is

T=72hours

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Answer:

D. Is the correct option.

Explanation:

2p level contains the electrons furthest from the nucleus in the case of Nitrogen thus it's much easier to disperse/remove the electrons from the shell due to low pull of nucleus energy.

The best explanation of how the spectrum is consistent with the electron shell model of the atom is the electrons in the 2p sub level have the smallest binding energy. Thus, option D is correct.

What is photoelectron spectrum?

Photoemission spectroscopy also known as photoelectron spectroscopy which photoelectric effect is the process in which electron are get energy from external source of energy like sunlight deals with energy measurement of energy emission or electrons emitted from solids, gases or liquids by the process of photoelectric effect,

Photoelectric effect is the process in which electron are get energy from external source of energy like sunlight and get excited and comes in excited state from the ground state due to this process continuos  flow of electron is take place and after that flow of energy is takes place.

Therefore,The best explanation of how the spectrum is consistent with the electron shell model of the atom is the electrons in the 2p sub level have the smallest binding energy. Thus, option D is correct.

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Answer:

It has a fixed volume it can also be compressed

Explanation:

1: A gases molecules don't move slow because they are not solid and are not compacted.

Answer:

It can be compressed

Explanation:

The Properties of Gases. Gases have three characteristic properties: (1) they are easy to compress, (2) they expand to fill their containers, and (3) they occupy far more space than the liquids or solids from which they form.

The type of radiation that is considered an internal hazard only is alpha radiation. Alpha radiation consists of alpha particles, which are made up of two protons and two neutrons, essentially the same as a helium nucleus.

Alpha particles have a relatively large mass and a positive charge, making them highly ionizing and easily absorbed by matter. As a result, they have a short range and can be stopped by a few centimeters of air or a sheet of paper.

Due to their limited penetration ability, alpha radiation poses a significant hazard when it is emitted internally, such as when alpha-emitting radioactive materials are inhaled or ingested.

When alpha-emitting radioactive substances enter the body, they can cause damage to nearby tissues and organs.

The ionizing nature of alpha particles can disrupt cellular structures, leading to potential harm, including damage to DNA and an increased risk of developing cancer.

Therefore, while alpha radiation is generally not a concern for external exposure due to its limited range, it can be a significant internal hazard when radioactive materials that emit alpha particles are present within the body.

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If you draw the table of the Hess law, you can use that table to obtain the enthalpy of reaction

A table called the "Hess's law table" can be created to depict how Hess's law is used. The reactants, intermediates, products, and related enthalpy changes (H) of each reaction that takes place during a chemical reaction are listed in the table.

Hess's law indicates that you can add the enthalpy changes of the separate reactions to get the total reaction's enthalpy change (H). By eliminating common species between neighboring reactions in the table, the overall reaction is achieved.

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Answer:

Formaldehyde, ozone, carbon monoxide, and radon are common indoor air contaminants. Formaldehyde can come from building materials and household products, ozone can be produced by electronic devices, carbon monoxide can be produced by gas appliances, and radon can seep into homes from the ground. Sulfur oxides, on the other hand, are more commonly found in outdoor air pollution, particularly from industrial emissions and fossil fuel combustion.

The graph shows that as mass increases, kinetic energy increases exponentially. This means that as the mass of an object increases, the kinetic energy increases by a larger and larger amount.

This can be seen by the upward sloping line on the graph. This can be seen in the graph by the steepness of the line, which shows that the increase in kinetic energy is growing faster and faster as the mass increases. Additionally, the graph shows that the rate of increase in kinetic energy is greater for lower masses than for higher masses, which indicates an exponential increase. This can be seen by the upward sloping line on the graph.

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N2 + 3 H2 = 2 NH3

Reaction type: synthesis

Answer:

False

Explanation:

sea floor spreading is not consistent at all mid ocean ridges.

Answer: (Option C) We need to 120 g of MgO in the beaker and add enough water to reach the 1 L mark.​

Explaination: Molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of the solution.