Answers
Concentrate must be diluted 20 times with distilled water to create a 1X PBS solution. A mixing flask should be filled with the proper volume of 20X PBS concentrate before adding water to reach the desired volume. Stir only once. The pH of the 1X solution must be 7.6 & 0.2.
A common isotonic solution used in biological research is phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Add 100 mL of 10X PBS to 900 mL of water to create 1 L of PBS. \(137 mM NaCl\), \(2.7 mM KCl\), \(10 mM - Na_{2} HPO_{4}\), and \(1.8 mM KH_{2} PO_{4}\)are all present in this PBS mix.
Concentrations for 1X PBS Solutions:
\(NaCl - 137 mM\)
\(Na_{2} HPO_{4} - 10 mM\)
\(KH_{2} PO_{4} - 1.8 mM\)
\(KCl - 2.7 mM\)
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Related Questions
1. Direction: Choose and write the letter of the correct answer on the space provides
16. Veich is used for sing four?
a. eggbeater
b. four sier
o .spettal
17. Which is include a inte and chopping board.
a puting tools b. pastry blender c. peeler
d. strainer
18. Which is used to separate the firer particles from the coarser particles of ingredients?
a grate
c.sk
19. Which is a unit of weight and measure which is equivalent to 1 pound?
a. 16 ounces
b. 1pint
d. 1 gallon
20. Which measurement to serve as your substitute for honey?
a.2 T. four
b. 3 T. cocoa + 1 T. fat
c. 12 T. comstarch
d.1%C. sugar + % C. water
21. Which is used ble
el ingredients when measuring dry or solid ingredients?
b. spoon
c. spatula
22. Which is not to be done with the cup when measuring liquid ingredients?
an the cup b. pack the cup c. shake the cup
d. tap the cup
23. Which is used for cuting bread?
2. butler knite
b. chefs Knie
c. paring knife d. serrated knife
24. Which is used for draining liquid from can fruits and vegetable?
2. colander
b. four sifter
c. pastry cloth d. strainer
25. Which is a product can be made by mixing lemon juice, baking soda and vinegar?
a baking soda
b. borax
c. cleaning paste d. tea tree oil
26. Which is used to sterilize tools and equipment?
a. boing water
b. cold water
c. distilled water d. warm water
27. Which term used to describe something that has a potential to cause harm?
b. airbome
c. hazard
d. risk
Answers
Answer:
its a test its a test
Explanation:
Is this a test is this a tetstis this a test is ti
What are the four modern-day phyla of gymnosperms?
Answers
Answer:
Gymnosperms consist of four main phyla: the Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta, Gingkophyta and Gnetophyta.
Conifers are the dominant plant of the gymnosperms, having needle-like leaves and living in areas where the weather is cold and dry.
Cycads live in warm climates, have large, compound leaves, and are unusual in that they are pollinated by beetles rather than wind.
Gingko biloba is the only remaining species of the Gingkophyta and is usually resistant to pollution.
Gnetophytes are the gymnosperms believed to be most closely related to the angiosperms because of the presence of vessel elements within their stems.
Coniferophyta (conifers): This is the largest and most diverse phylum of gymnosperms, with over 600 species. Conifers are typically evergreen trees or shrubs with needle-like or scale-like leaves and cones that contain the seeds.
Cycadophyta (cycads): This phylum includes about 300 species of palm-like trees and shrubs with large, compound leaves and cones that are often brightly colored.
Ginkgophyta (ginkgos): This is a small phylum with only one living species, Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgos are deciduous trees with fan-shaped leaves and fleshy seeds.
Gnetophyta (gnetae): This is a diverse group of around 70 species of shrubs, trees, and vines. Gnetophytes have a range of leaf types and growth forms and can be found in both tropical and temperate regions. Some examples include Ephedra and Welwitschia.
All gymnosperms share the characteristic of producing seeds that are not enclosed in a fruit. They are an important group of plants because they can survive in harsh conditions and are often used for lumber, paper, and as ornamental plants.
If all the grass disappeared from this community, which change would be
most likely to occur?
squirrel
coyote cougar
mouse deer
XIA
acorns
grass
mushrooms
OA. The squirrel population would decrease.
OB. The coyote population would increase.
OC. The cougar population would stay the same.
OD. The deer population would decrease.
Answers
Answer:
If all the grass disappeared from a community, the most likely change to occur would be that the deer population would decrease. This is represented by option D. Deer are herbivores and rely on grass and other vegetation as a primary food source. Without grass, the deer would have less food available, which could lead to a decrease in their population. This could also have a cascading effect on other species in the community, such as predators that rely on deer as a food source.
Explanation:
Using Table 1-1 below, how much energy would be available to the Organisms in Level C?
A 245
B 56
C 4
D 165
Answers
Answer:
4
s = PV (kJ) or in a unit basis, wflow = Wflow / m = Pv (kJ/kg) Note that the flow work is expressed in terms of properties. The flow work can also be written as a rate equation.
What makes transmembrane proteins unique to non transmembrane proteins. i.e. what makes them become embedded in the er membrane while others don't?
Answers
Many transmembrane proteins feature as gateways to allow the transport of precise materials throughout the membrane. They frequently undergo large conformational adjustments to transport a substance thru the membrane. they may be commonly exceedingly hydrophobic and combine and precipitate in water.
Transmembrane and peripheral proteins are forms of membrane proteins present inside the cell membrane. Transmembrane proteins form channels and pores to move molecules across the membranes. in the meantime, the peripheral proteins on the extracellular surface are responsible for cellular-cell signaling and interactions.
Transmembrane proteins that amplify via the bilayer w/ part of their mass on either facet are amphipathic. -hydrophobic components (facet chains) interact with hydrophobic tails of lipids. -hydrophilic components are uncovered on both facets of the membrane.
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write components of xylem and phylem ?
Answers
Hope you could get an idea from here.
Doubt clarification - use comment section.
Consider a diploid organism. What is the genotypic ratio expected to be observed in the offspring produced by two heterozygous parents
Answers
Answer:
See the answer below
Explanation:
A diploid organism is one that has 2 copies of each of its genes. When the two genes are the same, they are said to be homzygous, and when they are different, they are said to be heterozygous.
In this case, let us assume that the trait in question is represented by A for the dominant version and a for the recessive version. Since the parents are heterozygous, it means their genotypes would be Aa.
Aa x Aa
AA Aa Aa aa
Hence, the genotype ratio would be 1AA:2Aa:1aa. In other words, the genotypic ratio of homzygous to heterozygous offspring would be 1:1 because AA and aa are both homzygous while Aa is heterozygous.
The geno-typic ratio expected to be observed is 1:1
The following information should be considerd:
A diploid organism is that where it has 2 copies of each of its genes.When the two genes are similar, they are said to be homo-zygous else hetero-zygous.Since the parents are heterozygous, it means their genotypes would be Aa.
Aa x Aa
AA Aa Aa aa
So here the ratio should be 1:1
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It is important to study the genetic makeup of other organisms because information in their genetic makeup may hold information about our own.
True or false
Answers
Answer:
True, because there is still much today that we probably don't know about how DNA and genetics work, and it is proven that humans do have the same genetics and DNA patterns as other organisms. FUN FACT: Bananas surprisingly share about 60% of the same DNA as humans!
Explanation:
Hope it helps! =D
Which dye molecule is the smallest? Which is the largest? List dyes by name, not appearance
Answers
Orange G is the dye molecule is the smallest and blue color molecule is the largest
Dye molecules are large in molecular weight and contain an extensive system of conjugated double bonds. These molecules can be dissolved in suitable organic solvents (ethanol, methanol, ethanol/water, methanol/water, etc.) or incorporated into solid matrices (organic, inorganic, or hybrid). Known types are: 1) Acid dyes for polyamide and protein substrates such as nylon, wool and silk. 2) disperse dyes for hydrophobic materials such as polyester and acetate; 3) direct and reactive dyes for cellulosic materials such as cotton, rayon, linen and paper. Basic dyes are cationic (+ve) dyes and therefore react with negatively charged (-ve) substances. Alizarin's prominent red pigment is the basic pigment. Other examples of basic dyes are methylene blue, crystal violet, basic fuchsine and safranin.
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Which of those ancient populations is the most likely to have contributed significantly to the bottleneck effect in the YDNA variation observed across much of Eurasia?
1. Yamnaya
2. Denisovans
3. Basal Eurasians
4. Ancient North Eurasians
5. Gravettians
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is "Yamnaya".
Explanation:
In genetics, a population or genetic bottleneck is defined as a reduction on the size of a population as a result of an environmental effect or human intervention. Regarding the Y chromosome bottleneck, the Yamnaya is an ancient population that contributed the most due to its sex-biased and stratified culture. The Yamnaya were violent and left behind many male skeletons, where just few type of persons were able to reproduce.
in metaphase where do sister chromatids go?
Answers
Answer:
Long protein filaments called kinetochore microtubules extended from poles on either end of the cell and attached to the kinetochores. During metaphase, the kinetochore microtubules pull the sister chromatids back and forth until they align along the equator of the cell, called the equatorial plane.
Explanation:
Answer:
right angles to the cell poles.
Explanation:
15. What is the kinetic energy of the cart if it is moving at a speed of 2 m/s at the bottom of
the ramp?
Answers
Answer:
12 J
Explanation:
If the cart is 6 kg
Which situation is most likely to result in speciation?
Responses
Two populations live in very similar environments.
Migration occurs frequently between two populations.
Two populations become genetically isolated. Correct
Two populations regularly interbreed.
Answers
Explanation:
The situation that is most likely to result in speciation is when two populations become genetically isolated. When genetic isolation occurs, the two populations will undergo independent genetic changes, and over time, they may become so different that they can no longer interbreed and produce viable offspring. This can lead to the formation of two distinct species.
The other options mentioned are less likely to result in speciation. If two populations live in very similar environments, they may continue to interbreed and exchange genetic material, which would not result in speciation. Similarly, frequent migration between two populations would result in gene flow, which would prevent genetic differentiation and the evolution of distinct species. If two populations regularly interbreed, they will continue to exchange genetic material and may not diverge enough to become separate species.
Answer:
You are right, it is C!
Explanation:
Took the k12 quiz :)
write down the steps of double fertilization
Answers
Steps of Double Fertilization.
It was discovered by S.G. Nawaschin (1897) Lilium are Fertillaria sps.1. Germination of pollen on stigma :
(i) By absorbing secretion of stigma pollen swells up and outer layer exine ruptures whereas inner lintine comes out in the form of pollen tube.
(ii) Branched polen tube is formed in amentiferae group.
(iii) In families malvaceae, cucurbitaceae, etc. polysiphonous condition (many pollen tubes from a single pollen) is found.
2. Path taken up by pollen tube :
(i) Pollen tube pierces through stigmatic papilla into the tissue of style.
(ii) Filiform apparatus of synergids secrete some chemotropically active substances, which promotes porogamy.
(iii) Obturator (special structure) act as a bridge for growth of pollen tube.
(iv) Cations are naturally occurring chemotropic agents in the pistil.
3. Entry of pollen tube into embryo sac :
(i) It enters into the ovule by either of the two methods; porogamy, chalazogamy or mesogamy.
(ii) Irrespective of the mode of entry of pollen tube into the ovule, the pollen tube always enters into embryo sac at micropylar end (Porogany).
(iii) If enters through chalaza (base) it is termed chalazogany.
(iv) If pierces through integuments, it is called mesogamy.
(v) Tip of pollen tube penetrates embryo sac and reaches egg apparatus.
4. Syngamy (Generative fertilization)
(i) Pollen tube burst as tube nucleus disorganises.
(ii) One of male gametes fuses with egg cell or oosphere.
(iii) Deploid oospore or zygote is formed.
5. Triple fusion (Vegetative fertilization) :
The other gamete fuses with secondary nucleus forming triploid primary endosperm (PEN) which later give rise to endosperm.
Answer:
Double fertilization is a process unique to flowering plants (angiosperms) in which two sperm cells fertilize two different structures within the female reproductive system. The steps of double fertilization are:
Pollination: transfer of pollen grains from the male to the female flowerGermination: the pollen grain forms a pollen tube and grows down the style towards the ovuleSyngamy: the first sperm cell fuses with the egg cell to form a diploid zygote (2n)Endosperm formation: the second sperm cell fuses with two polar nuclei to form a triploid cell (3n) which undergoes cell division to form the endospermEmbryo formation: the zygote undergoes several rounds of cell division and differentiation to form the embryoDouble fertilization leads to the formation of both the embryo and endosperm within the ovule, which ultimately results in the development of a seed.
An amino acid's unique characteristics is defined by the ________.
Answers
1. In one part of the activity, you looked at photographs and placed them in order. How did you determine the order that the photos should go in?
Answers
They were placed in order based on the time. You can tell which photos were taken before and after the eruption based on the shape and color of Mt. Helen.
Which of the following does NOT contribute to bacteria's large diversity Small size, Ability to reproduce quickly, Diverse habitats, None of the above
Answers
The nerve cells in the human nervous system seldom undergo mitosis. Based on this information,explain why complete recovery from injuries to the nervous system may not occur.
Answers
Nerve cells are referred to as amitotic because they lack centriole, which prevents them from undergoing mitosis and dividing to create new cells. Due to the incapacity of nerve cells to repair or regenerate, injuries to the nervous system can permanently harm or cripple a person.
What is a Nervous system?The brain, spinal cord, and a sophisticated nerve network are all parts of the nervous system. The brain and the body are communicated with via this system. All bodily functions are managed by the brain. From the brain, the spinal cord descends via the back.
The nervous system performs the following four primary tasks:
controlling the body's environment internally to maintain "homeostasis" The control of body temperature is one example of this.
reflexes in the spinal cord are programmed. The stretch reflex is one illustration of this.
learning and memory.
movement control that is voluntary.
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Which statement describes a question that can be answered by a scientific
Answers
Answer:
it is based on an observation of a natural phenomenon
Explanation:
Is this answer you were looking for?
There were not answer options
does the value of acceleration due to gravity vary from planet to planet explain
Answers
Answer: The value of acceleration due to gravity, commonly denoted as "g," is the acceleration experienced by an object due to the force of gravity acting upon it.
The value of g varies from planet to planet because the strength of the gravitational force depends on the mass of the planet and its distance from the object experiencing the force.
Explanation: On Earth, the standard value of g is approximately 9.8 m/s^2. This means that an object weighing 100 grams on Earth would experience a force of approximately 9.8 newtons (N) acting upon it due to gravity.
The value of g varies slightly from planet to planet because the strength of the gravitational force depends on the mass of the planet and its distance from the object experiencing the force.
For example, the value of g on the Moon is about 1.62 m/s^2, which is about 60% of the value on Earth. The value of g on Mars is about 3.71 m/s^2, which is about 30% of the value on Earth.
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What will happen if a base sequence of a strand of DNA is changed from A-T-G to A-T-C?
A. The mRNA will be changed from U-A-C to U-A-G during translation.
B. The mRNA will be changed from C-A-U to C-A-C during transcription.
C. The mRNA will be changed from U-A-C to U-A-G during transcription.
D. The mRNA will be changed from U-A-C to T-A-C during translation.
Answers
Answer:
C. The mRNA will be changed from U-A-C to U-A-G during transcription.
Explanation:
Transcription is the process where the mRNA strand is formed, using a DNA strand as a template strand.
The bases on an mRNA are adenine [A], uracil [U], guanine [G] and cytosine [C], where adenine is complementary to uracil and guanine is complementary to cytosine.
[Translation is the process where a polypeptide chain- a sequence of amino acids, is formed. tRNA molecules carry specific amino acids and bind to the codon on the mRNA which is complementary to the anticodon on the tRNA. Thus option A and D is wrong.]
[Option B is wrong because the bases are not complementary.]
describe how a supernova and neutron star are related?
Answers
Answer:
Neutron stars are one of the possible ends for a star. They result from massive stars which have mass greater than 4 to 8 times that of our Sun. After these stars have finished burning their nuclear fuel, they undergo a supernova explosion. ... It collapses so much that protons and electrons combine to form neutrons.
Which of the following occur in a maple tree growing in a temperate climate in response to increasing cold weather? Choose three correct answers.
Answers
The three correct answers are:
B. The chlorophyll in the leaves break down, revealing yellow and red pigments that had been masked by the green pigments. This process leads to the beautiful fall foliage colors observed in maple trees. As the weather gets colder, the breakdown of chlorophyll exposes the underlying pigments, creating vibrant red, orange, and yellow leaves.
C. Xylem and phloem fill with ions and organic substances that prevent freezing. In response to increasing cold weather, the tree transports ions and organic compounds into the xylem and phloem. These substances act as antifreeze agents, preventing the freezing of sap and ensuring the circulation of nutrients and water within the tree.
D. Meristems form thick scales to protect next year's buds from cold winter temperatures. The meristems, which are the regions of the tree where new growth occurs, undergo changes in response to the approaching cold weather. They form protective scales around next year's buds to shield them from the harsh winter conditions, ensuring their survival and future growth.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was:
Which of the following occur in a maple tree growing in a temperate climate in response to increasing cold weather? Choose three correct
answers.
A. Auxin production stimulate one final growth spurt before winter arrives,
B. The chlorophyll in the leaves break down, revealing yellow and red pigments that had been masked by the green pigments.
C. Xylem and phloem fill with ions and organic substances that prevent freezing.
D. Meristems form thick scales to protect next year's buds from cold winter temperatures,
Choose the option that best matches the description given.
Authoritative commands or orders are known as
systems
mandates
regulations
civil penalties
Answers
Authoritative commands or orders are known as option B: mandates.
What does a command with authority mean?The term Authoritative commands are known to be commands that are acknowledged as being true or trustworthy.
It is seen as an an authoritative drug or one that is acting in an authoritative or assertive manner; ordering. a commanding manner. It is one that is backed or holding power and official.
Therefore, mandate is seen as an authoritative command; trustee-managed area. It is an intensely happy emotion that typically only lasts a short while.
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The graphic shows the largest fresh and salt water sources on Earth. Which of these sources BEST completes the graphic? A. Snow B. Clouds C. groundwater D. Swimming
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
C
1 Structure of the Nervous System (continued)
Sequence the steps in how a nerve impulse moves from one neuron to another neuron by writing the numbers 1 to 5 in the squares to the left of the steps.
Answers
The steps in how a nerve impulse moves from one neuron to another will be:
An electrical impulse is sent along an axon, jumping from node to node in axons covered with myelin.The impulse reaches the synapse, where channels in the plasma membrane open.Vesicles containing neurotransmitters fuse with the plasma membrane and release the neurotransmitters by exocytosis.The neurotransmitter moves across the synapse and binds to receptors on the dendrite of a neighboring neuron.At the dendrite, the threshold for an action potential is reached, opening channels in the plasma membrane and causing a reversal in electrical charge.What is the nervous system?The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system, one of the two major components of the nervous system. All of the body's parts are connected by nerves that emerge from the spinal cord and make up the peripheral nervous system.
Electrical changes across the neuron membrane result in the transmission of a nerve impulse along a neuron from one end to the other.
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Which of the following is a cost of recreation activities?
OA. Mental and social health
B. Economic growth
OC. The spreading of nonnative species
D. Stress relief
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
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Answer:
A. Mental and Social Health
Explanation:
A recreation activity is doing fun things
Why does sound waves travel faster in salt water than in fresh water?
Answers
Answer:
Since there are more solid's if you get what I mean..
Explanation:
person who studies inscets
Answers
Answer:
An entomologist
Explanation:
All of the following are adaptations of herbivores EXCEPT:
A. flat teeth for chewing tough plant matter
B.special digestive systems for digesting plant cellulose
C.coat colors that help them blend in with the land
D. keen eyesight for spotting prey
ALSO NEED ANSWERS ASAP!!
Answers
Apart for acute eyesight for finding prey, all of the above are adaptations of herbivores.
What adaptations do herbivores have?The big, flat, and rough surfaces of a herbivore's molars crush the tough plant tissues (back teeth). Many herbivores, including squirrels, have front teeth with chisel-like edges for breaking through tough objects like wood or seeds. These teeth are constantly growing in order to prevent wear and tear.
What modifications does a herbivore have for cellulose digestion?Herbivores must rely on mutualistic, internal symbiotic bacteria, fungi, or protozoa to break down complex cellulose in order for the herbivore to consume it. By detoxifying plant secondary metabolites, microbial symbionts also enable herbivores to consume plants that might otherwise be poisonous.
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