4.5 5. giving the reason for elements having similar chemical properties based upon their atomic structures.

Answers

Answer 1

Elements have similar chemical properties based on their atomic structures because those properties are primarily determined by the arrangement of electrons in the outermost energy level, also known as the valence shell, of an atom.

The valence shell is the most important factor in determining an element's chemical behavior because it contains the electrons involved in bonding and chemical reactions. The number of electrons in the valence shell is determined by the element's atomic number, which corresponds to the number of protons in the nucleus.

Elements in the same group or column of the periodic table have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons. For example, all elements in Group 1 (such as hydrogen, lithium, sodium, and potassium) have one valence electron, which makes them highly reactive and likely to lose that electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.

Similarly, elements in Group 17 (the halogens, including fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine) have seven valence electrons and tend to gain one electron to attain a stable configuration. This tendency to gain or lose electrons allows elements within a group to form similar types of chemical compounds and exhibit similar reactivity.

Additionally, elements located next to each other in the periodic table often have similar chemical properties because they have similar valence electron configurations. These elements are said to belong to the same "family" or have the same "electron configuration." For example, oxygen (O), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), and tellurium (Te) are located in the same group and have similar chemical properties due to their similar electron configurations.

In summary, the similar chemical properties of elements can be explained by their atomic structures, specifically the arrangement and number of valence electrons. Elements with the same number of valence electrons tend to exhibit similar reactivity and form similar types of chemical compounds.

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Related Questions

How many grams are needed to prepare 750. mL of a 0.35 M solution of NaOH?

Answers

Answer:

10.5grams

Explanation:

Molarity = number of moles (n)/ volume (V)

According to this question;

Volume = 750 mL = 750/1000 = 0.75L

Molarity = 0.35M

number of moles (n) = molarity × volume

n = 0.35 × 0.75

n = 0.2625mol

Using mole = mass/molar mass

Molar Mass of NaOH = 23 + 16 + 1

= 40g/mol

mole = mass/molar mass

0.2625 = mass/40

mass = 10.5grams

10.5 grams are needed to prepare 0.75L of a 0.35 M solution of NaOH.

A box with a mass of 3.5 kg is pushed along a table. If the net force on the box is 35 Newtons, what is the acceleration of the box?


PLLSS HELP ME

Answers

Answer:

10 m/s²

Explanation:

The acceleration of an object given it's mass and the force acting on it can be found by using the formula

\(a = \frac{f}{m} \\ \)

m is the mass

f is the force

From the question

mass = 3.5 kg

force = 35 N

We have

\(a = \frac{35}{3.5} \\ = 10\)

We have the final answer as

10 m/s²

Hope this helps you

In the Tough Man Competition, very strong men are challenged to push or pull extremely large and heavy objects to test their strength. In
one such challenge, they were asked to push one of two rail cars, an engine car and a box car. The data tables show one man's results.
Look over the data table and answer the questions below.

Force Applied by the
Tough Man
Did it move the
engine car?
No
Did it move the
boxcar?
No
1000 Newtons
2000 Newtons
No
No
3000 Newtons
Yes
No

Answers

sorry i don’t know the answer i just wanted to inform you that, that persons link is fake.

How many molecules of Na2O are in 24.6g? Show work!

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Na2O has 2 atoms of Sodium and 1 atom of Oxygen

So, the molecular mass of Na2O is:

(2 x Atomic weight of Na) + (1 x Atomic weight of O)

Atomic weight of Na = 22.99 g

Atomic weight of O = 16 g

Therefore, Molecular Mass of Na2O = (2x 22.99g) + (1 x 16g)

= (45.98 + 16)g = 61.98 g

Therefore 61.98 g of Na2O contains 6 x 10^23 molecules (Avogadro's number).

24.6 g of Na2O therefore contains:

(24.6/61.98) x 6 x 10^23 = Answer!

How many joules are require to raise the temperature of 220. g of Leads .pb = 0.130 joules /g.C )from 42.0°C to 72.0 °C? O 858 O 3.90 j O 76.0 j O 65.73

Answers

The answer is 858 joules, which is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 220 g of lead from 42.0°C to 72.0°C.

To calculate the joules required to raise the temperature of 220 g of lead from 42.0°C to 72.0°C, we can use the formula Q = m x C x ∆T, where Q is the amount of heat energy required, m is the mass of the substance, C is the specific heat capacity of the substance, and ∆T is the change in temperature.
Substituting the values given in the question, we get:
Q = 220 g x 0.130 joules/g.C x (72.0°C - 42.0°C)
Q = 220 g x 0.130 joules/g.C x 30.0°C
Q = 858 joules
Therefore, the answer is 858 joules, which is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 220 g of lead from 42.0°C to 72.0°C.

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The modern theory of the atom states that electrons do not travel in specific paths or orbits. Where do electrons travel? Can we predict where an electron may be found?

Answers

Answer:

1. When electric voltage is applied, an electric field within the metal triggers the movement of the electrons, making them shift from one end to another end of the conductor. Electrons will move toward the positive side.

2. Well, if you think about it logically, the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle basically means that it's impossible to predict both exactly what the electron will do or exactly where the electron will be found.  In other words, when you know where the electron is going, you don't know where it is.

Pls answer my question to the best of your ability down the bottom of yours. Thankyou! :)

How many significant figures are in 340500

Answers

Answer:

Five significant figures

Explanation:

You have to change the number to standard form

340500 = 3.405×10**5

** means raise to power

10**5

Where five represents the number of significant figures.

Answer:

4!

Explanation:

given that kb for ch3ch2nh2 is 6.3 × 10-4 at 25 °c, what is the value of ka for ch3ch2nh3 at 25 °c?

Answers

Given that kb for ch3ch2nh2 is 6.3 × \(10^{-4}\) at 25 °c, 1.58 x \(10^{-11}\)  is the value of ka for ch3ch2nh3 at 25 °c.  

We can use the water auto-ionization constant,

which is written as Kw = Ka* Kb,

where Kw = 1.0 x\(10^{-14}\) and ka and kb are the acid and base constants, respectively.

Another thing to keep in mind is that CH3CH2NH3+ and CH3CH2NH2 are an acid/conjugate base pair, so the above equation can be used.

Given the value for Kb, we must substitute it in and solve for Ka.

Ka = Kw/Kb  

= 1.0 x \(10^{-14}\) /6.3 x\(10^{-4}\)

= 1.58 x\(10^{-11}\)

Thus ,the value of ka for ch3ch2nh3 at 25 °c is  1.58 x\(10^{-11}\)

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Help with theses two different problems!

1.) 125mL of what is added to 45.3mL of 0.71m NaOH solution

2.) 550mL of water is added to 125mL of 3.01M KOH solution

Answers

1.  the final concentration of NaOH after adding 125 mL of water to 45.3 mL of 0.71 M NaOH solution is approximately 0.189 M.

2.  the final concentration of KOH after adding 550 mL of water to 125 mL of 3.01 M KOH solution is approximately 0.557 M.

1.) If 125 mL of water is added to 45.3 mL of a 0.71 M NaOH solution, the resulting solution will be a diluted NaOH solution. The addition of water will increase the total volume while reducing the concentration of NaOH. To determine the final concentration of NaOH, we need to consider the conservation of moles.

First, let's calculate the moles of NaOH in the initial solution:

moles of NaOH = volume (in L) × concentration (in M)

moles of NaOH = 0.0453 L × 0.71 M = 0.0321433 moles

After adding 125 mL (0.125 L) of water, the total volume of the solution becomes 0.0453 L + 0.125 L = 0.1703 L.

To find the final concentration, we divide the moles of NaOH by the total volume:

final concentration of NaOH = moles of NaOH / total volume

final concentration of NaOH = 0.0321433 moles / 0.1703 L ≈ 0.189 M

Therefore, the final concentration of NaOH after adding 125 mL of water to 45.3 mL of 0.71 M NaOH solution is approximately 0.189 M.

2.) If 550 mL of water is added to 125 mL of a 3.01 M KOH solution, the resulting solution will also be a diluted solution. Again, we will apply the conservation of moles to determine the final concentration of KOH.

First, calculate the moles of KOH in the initial solution:

moles of KOH = volume (in L) × concentration (in M)

moles of KOH = 0.125 L × 3.01 M = 0.37625 moles

After adding 550 mL (0.55 L) of water, the total volume of the solution becomes 0.125 L + 0.55 L = 0.675 L.

To find the final concentration, divide the moles of KOH by the total volume:

final concentration of KOH = moles of KOH / total volume

final concentration of KOH = 0.37625 moles / 0.675 L ≈ 0.557 M

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The light energy captured during photosynthesis is stored as

water.
sugar.
carbon dioxide.
electrons.

Answers

Answer:

Sugar

Explanation:

This is because water and carbon dioxide are required during photosynthesis. Oxygen along with glucose, that is a type of sugar is produced. The oxygen is diffused out in to the air, while the sugars are stored in the leaf thus light energy captured during photosynthesis is stored as 'sugar'

Draw the organic product of the following reaction between (1S,3S)-1-chloro-3-methylcyclopentane and methanethiol in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Show any H's on chirality centers, if applicable, and use wedge-and-dash bonds.

Answers

The answer of this question is shown below in the image with proper structural representation.

To recognize the chiral middle, search for the wedge and sprint bonds as commonly those are the ones indicating a chiral center. One vital issue to remember, a carbon with a double bond cannot be a chiral center as it does no longer have four extraordinary companies.

wedge-and-dash (uncountable) (chemistry) a technique of representing the three-dimensional shape of a molecule in which simple lines constitute bonds within the aircraft of the image, wedge-formed lines represent bonds toward the viewer, and dashed strains represent bonds faraway from the viewer.

Prioritize the four atoms, or agencies of atoms, attached to the chiral center based on the atomic quantity of the atom this is bonded directly to the chiral center. The higher the atomic variety, the higher the priority.

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Draw the organic product of the following reaction between (1S,3S)-1-chloro-3-methylcyclopentane and

()3C− − on reaction with HI gives () − − as
the main products and not () − and −

Answers

3C⁻⁻ on reaction with HI gives I⁻⁻⁻ as the main products and not H⁻ and C₂H₅I.

When 3C⁻⁻ is reacted with HI, the reaction product obtained is I⁻⁻⁻ as the main product. The C₂H₅I and H⁻ are not produced in significant quantities and cannot be considered the main product.The 3C⁻⁻ compound reacts with HI in the presence of a solvent to produce hydrogen gas, H⁻, C₂H₅I, and I⁻⁻⁻. The primary product obtained is I⁻⁻⁻ because it is stable and has a higher energy than C₂H₅I and H⁻.However, the reaction can be controlled to obtain C₂H₅I and H⁻ as the primary products by changing the reaction conditions. The reaction must be carried out in anhydrous conditions and at a low temperature so that the reaction proceeds in the desired direction.

3C⁻⁻ on reaction with HI gives I⁻⁻⁻ as the main products and not H⁻ and C₂H₅I. However, the reaction can be controlled to obtain C₂H₅I and H⁻ as the primary products by changing the reaction conditions.

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Identify a 5′→3′ sequence of nucleotides in the dna template strand for an mrna coding for the polypeptide sequence phe-pro-lys.

Answers

A 5′→3′ sequence of nucleotides in the DNA template strand for a mRNA coding for the polypeptide sequence phe-pro-lys will be 5' TTC-CCG-AAG 3'.

The DNA strand whose base sequence is the same as the base sequence of the RNA transcript generated is referred to as the coding strand.

With the help of the codon table for amino acids, we will find out the codons for Phe, Pro, and Lys, which are:

The codons for Phe are UUC

The codons for Pro are CCG

The codons for Lys are AAG

So the template strand of DNA will be 3' AAG-GGC-TTC

As a result, the DNA coding strand will be 5'CTT-CGG-GAA 3'.

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A _______ is a substance used during electrolysis that splits apart and is attracted to an oppositely charged electrode

Answers

Answer:

electrolyte

Explanation:

Which explains one reason evaporation can be used to separate a mixture?
The desired component has a higher boiling point than the other components.
The desired component has a different density from the other components.
The mixture is a solution that contains a substance that will crystallize out.
The desired component has the smallest particles in the mixture.

Answers

Answer:

its the first one

Explanation:

if only one mixture boils the other will stay as the boiling one will evaporate

Answer:

The answer would be

A. The desired component has a higher boiling point than the other components.

Explanation:

Credits to the person above

Have a great day

is baking chocolate cupcakes a physical change or chemical change?

Answers

Answer:

Chemical change because the dough is rising due to heat and causes an irreversible change to the cupcakes size and taste.

Explanation:

list the processes that release carbon into the atmosphere

Answers

Answer:

Fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, or natural gas, release carbon back into the atmosphere.

The processes would be decomposition, diffusion, erosion, respiration, and combustion.

Explanation:

Hope this helped?

What Celsius temp, T2, is required to change the volume of the gas sample in part A (T1=43 degrees Celsius, V1 = 1.65x 10^3 L) to a volume of 3.30x10^3L? Assume no change in pressure or amount of gas in the balloon.

What Celsius temp, T2, is required to change the volume of the gas sample in part A (T1=43 degrees Celsius,

Answers

The temperature, T2, is 359°C.

1st) We need to identify the volume and the temperature of the gas in the point A (initial state of gas) and point B (final state of gas):

- Point A:

V1= 1.65x10^3 L

T1= 43°C (316K)

-Point B:

V2= 3.30x10^3 L

T2= unknown

2nd) With the Ideal Gas Law and assuming there is no change in pressure or amount of gas in the balloon, we calculate the temperature in point B with the formula that relates temperature and volume:

\(\begin{gathered} \frac{V_1}{T_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2} \\ \frac{1.65x10^3L_{}}{316K}=\frac{3.30x10^3L}{T_2} \\ T_2\cdot1.65x10^3L=3.30x10^3L\cdot316K \\ T_2=\frac{3.30x10^3L\cdot316K}{1.65x10^3L} \\ T_2=632K \end{gathered}\)

It is important to use the units of the ideal gas constant, so the units must be in Kelvin (K) and liters (L). That's why the temperature (T2) it is 316 K.

3rd) Finally, it is necessary convert the Kelvin unit into Celsiud degrees:

\(\begin{gathered} T_2=632K-273 \\ T_2=359^oC \end{gathered}\)

So, the temperature, T2, is 359°C.

Can someone help me with this?-- 15 pts!

2H2 + O2 → 2H2O

At the beginning of the reaction, it is measured that there are 15.0 g of hydrogen (H2) and 97.0 g of oxygen (O2).

What is the theoretical yield for the water that will be produced in the reaction? (M H2O = 18.0 g/mol; M CH4 = 16.0 g/mol)

2.73 x 101 g H2O
1.34 x 102 g H2O
1.08 x 102 g H2O
5.38 x 100 g H2O

Answers

Answer:

1.08 x 10^2 gm of H2O

Explanation:

number of moles of O2 = 97g /32 g/moles = 3.03 moles

3.03 moles of O2 produces 6.06 moles of H2O

amount of water produced = 6.06 mol x 18 g /mol = 109.08 g = 1.08 x 10^2 g

I real need help with these!

I real need help with these!

Answers

To convert a fraction to decimals, divide the number by the denominator. The fraction is smaller than the denominator, so zeros must be inserted after the decimal point.

How is a decimal represented as a fraction?

To convert a decimal to a fraction, put the decimal number above its place value. For instance, in the fraction 0.6, the number six is in the tenths place, so we multiply 6  BY 10 to get the equivalent fraction, 6/10.

Percentage refers to being out of 100. Therefore, 20% is equivalent to 20100. This equals 0.20 in total. The correct result is the decimal 0.2, which is obtained by removing the extra 0 at the conclusion.

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5. 27/100 or .27

6. 91% or 91/100

7. 6/100 0r 0.06

which of the following would have a density of 1.21 g/l at 7.0°c and 0.987 atm?

Answers

The gas that would have a density of 1.21 g/l at 7.0°c and 0.987 atm is N₂.

The correct option is A.

What is the density of a substance?

The density of a substance is given as the ratio of the mass and the volume of a substance.

In order to determine the gas, we must first calculate the molar mass of the gas.

The molar mass of the gas is determined using the Ideal gas equation.

Molar mass = mass/moles

The Ideal gas equation is given below:

PV = nRT

where,

P is the pressure of the gasV is the volume of the gasR is the gas constant = 0.082 atm.L/K/molT is the temperaturen is the number of moles of the gas

Data given:

P = 0.987

T = 273 + 7 K or 280 K

density = 1.21 g/L

Hence, mass = 1.21 g, volume = 1 L

Solving for n;

n = PV/RT

n = 0.987 * 1 / 0.082 * 280

n = 0.043 moles

Molar mass = 1.21 / 0.043

Molar mass = 28.1 g/mol

This is the molar mass of N₂.

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Complete question:

Which of the following would have a density of 1.21 g/L at 7.0°C and 0.987 atm?

N₂

Ar

Xe

Ne

CO₂

Please help me answer this question.

Please help me answer this question.

Answers

it takes less than one earth day to orbit its star!
Earth :)

Have a good day!

answer question in picture please.

answer question in picture please.

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

kkkk(kkkkkkkkkkkkwritten am an ah roo ero di si di dh dh ah ah eh si eri di do

Answer: the answer is B. C

Explanation:

calculate the ph for the strong acid/strong base titration between 50.0 ml of 0.100 m hno3(aq) and 0.200 m naoh (titrant) at the listed volumes of added base: 0.00 ml, 15.0 ml, 25.0 ml, and 40.0 ml.

Answers

The pH of the strong acid /strong base for different volumes are 1.00,1.51,7,12.523.

What is pH?

Water's pH level indicates how acidic or basic it is. The range is 0 to 14, with 7 acting as a neutral value. A pH of greater than 7 denotes a base, while one of less than 7 suggests acidity. The pH scale really measures the proportion of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in a solution.

Using the concept of titration we can calculate pH for each volumes.

Using pW=pH+pOH

For detailed answer please visit attached file

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Pls answer asap! NO ATTACHMENTS!!!

Pls answer asap! NO ATTACHMENTS!!!

Answers

iconic compounds are electrolytes because they dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Many molecules compounds are noneelectrolytes

Please help and answer this

Please help and answer this

Answers

According to the observations, work of scientist uses evidence while work of an engineer uses a practical approach.

What are observations?

Observations are defined as a set of statements or facts which are recorded while conducting an experiment.Observations are made through sensing changes in the variables of the experiment.

It is specifically defined as an act of knowing or recording the changes in the variables of the experiment.Recording observations holds importance as recording observations avoid the experiment to be repeated over and over again.

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Given the standard enthalpy changes for the following two reactions
Given the standard enthalpy changes for the following two reactions:



(1) 2C(s) + 2H2(g)C2H4(g)...... ΔH° = 52.3 kJ



(2) 2C(s) + 3H2(g)C2H6(g)......ΔH° = -84.7 kJ



what is the standard enthalpy change for the reaction:



(3) C2H4(g) + H2(g)C2H6(g)......ΔH° = ?

Answers

The standard enthalpy change for reaction (3) is 117.1 kJ.

The standard enthalpy change for reaction (3) can be calculated by using the enthalpy changes of reactions (1) and (2) and applying Hess's Law.

To do this, we need to manipulate the given equations so that the desired reaction (3) can be obtained.

First, we reverse reaction (1) to get the formation of C2H4(g) from C2H6(g):

C2H4(g)C2H6(g) ΔH° = -52.3 kJ

Next, we multiply reaction (2) by 2 and reverse it to obtain 2 moles of C2H6(g) reacting to form 3 moles of H2(g):

2C2H6(g)2C(s) + 3H2(g) ΔH° = 169.4 kJ

Now, we add the two modified equations together:

C2H4(g)C2H6(g) ΔH° = -52.3 kJ
2C2H6(g)2C(s) + 3H2(g) ΔH° = 169.4 kJ

When adding these equations, the C2H6(g) on the left side cancels out with the C2H6(g) on the right side, leaving us with the desired reaction (3):

C2H4(g) + H2(g)C2H6(g) ΔH° = -52.3 kJ + 169.4 kJ = 117.1 kJ

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How many grams of NH are in 0.45 mols?

Answers

Answer:

Amount of NH3 in g = 0.0867 g

Explanation:

Molecular mass of

0.0051 mol has same no. of molecules in both NH3 and SF6.

Amount of NH3 in g = Mole × Molar mass

Molar mass of NH3 = 17.00 g/mol

Amount of NH3 in g = 0.0051 × 17.00

                                 = 0.0867 g

0.0867 you welcome……..

Describe and explain the significance of research published by
F.S. Rowland in 1991 titled Stratospheric ozone in the
21st century: the chlorofluorocarbon problem?

Answers

The research titled "Stratospheric Ozone in the 21st Century: The Chlorofluorocarbon Problem" by F.S. Rowland was published in the journal Science in 1991. The study's significance is evident in the way it paved the way for global action on the depletion of the ozone layer.

The study outlined the link between chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and the depletion of the ozone layer in the stratosphere. These chemicals have long been utilized in refrigerants, air conditioning systems, foam insulation, and various industrial applications. They have been shown to destroy ozone molecules when they rise to the stratosphere, allowing ultraviolet radiation to penetrate the Earth's atmosphere. Rowland's research proved beyond a doubt that human activity is significantly affecting the ozone layer, resulting in an increased risk of skin cancer, blindness, and other problems associated with exposure to UV radiation.

The research is vital in the sense that it helped to initiate international agreements, such as the Montreal Protocol, aimed at phasing out the use of CFCs. These agreements have been instrumental in lowering the production and use of CFCs, resulting in a reduction in the depletion of the ozone layer. As a result, the world has benefited from a decrease in the risks associated with exposure to UV radiation. In conclusion, Rowland's research was groundbreaking in the sense that it confirmed the link between CFCs and ozone depletion, providing a basis for a global reaction to this critical problem.

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WHat is the defination of Eukaryote

Answers

Answer:

an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than eubacteria and archaebacteria.

Explanation:

you could have just looked it up yourself on go.ogle but thx for the points!

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