3. Describe how the water at the equator would be different from the
water at the poles.

The heat capacity of liquid is  1.53 J/ g°C

Heat capacity measures the energy required to raise temperature of a unit mass of a substance by a unit degree

Formula used:

          Q = m × c ×  ΔT

               = m × c × ( T₂ - T₁ )

where,

Q = Amount of heat gained or lost  = 53 J

m = mass of liquid = 15 g

c = specific heat of liquid = ?

ΔT = change in temperature

T₁ = initial temperature = 10.7 °C

T₂ = final temperature = 13 °C

Substituting the values in the formula

        53 J = 15 g × c × ( 13 - 10.7) °C

         53 J = 15 g × c × 2.3 °C

             c = 53/ ( 15 × 2.3 )

                = 1.53 J/ g°C

Thus we can conclude that the heat capacity of liquid is  1.53 J/ g°C

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The solubility of Ca(OH)2 in a 0.469M CaCl2 solution at 31°C, at given Ksp of Ca(OH)2 is determined as 1.626 mM.

The dissociation reaction of Ca(OH)2 is given as follows;

Ca(OH)₂  ⇄ Ca²⁺  + 2OH⁻¹

                     x           2x

Concentration of Ca²⁺ = 0.469 M

Ksp = [x][2x]²

ksp = (0.469)(2x²)

ksp = 4(0.469)x²

ksp = 1.876x²

4.96 x 10⁻⁶ = 1.876x²

x² = (4.96 x 10⁻⁶)/(1.876)

x² = 2.643 x 10⁻⁶

x = √(2.643 x 10⁻⁶)

x = 1.626 x 10⁻³ M

x = 1.626 mM

Thus, the solubility of Ca(OH)2 in a 0.469M CaCl2 solution at 31°C, at given Ksp of Ca(OH)2 is determined as 1.626 mM.

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Answer:

NaHCO3

Explanation:

The three is small at the bottom at the end

The numerical value of Kc for the given reaction, with the equilibrium mixture containing 0.0450 M PCl3, 0.116 M Cl2, and 25.8 M PCl5, is approximately 4942.03.

To calculate the numerical value of Kc for the given reaction, we need to set up an expression for the equilibrium constant using the concentrations of the species involved.

The balanced equation for the reaction is:

PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g) ⇌ PCl5 (g)

The equilibrium constant expression, Kc, is given by:

Kc = [PCI5] / ([PCl3] * [Cl2])

Given the equilibrium concentrations:

[PCl3] = 0.0450 M

[Cl2] = 0.116 M

[PCI5] = 25.8 M

Substituting these values into the equilibrium constant expression, we have:

Kc = (25.8 M) / ((0.0450 M) * (0.116 M))

Calculating Kc:

Kc = 25.8 M / (0.00522 M^2)

Kc = 4942.03

Therefore, the numerical value of Kc for the given reaction, with the equilibrium mixture containing 0.0450 M PCl3, 0.116 M Cl2, and 25.8 M PCl5, is approximately 4942.03.

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Answer:

b. I've seen a question like this before lol

Answer:

B

Explanation:

The molecules in a gas are very far apart compared with the molecules in a solid or a liquid. The amount of space between the molecules in a gas can change easily.

Answer:

Explanation:

count given by old sample = .97 disintegrations per minute per gram

count given by fresh sample = 6.68 disintegrations per minute per gram

Half life of radioactive carbon = 5568 years

rate of disintegration

dN / dt = λ N

In other words rate of disintegration is proportional to no of radioactive atoms present . As number reduces rate also reduces .

Let initial no of radioactive be N₀ and after time t , number reduces to N

N₀ / N = 6.68 / .97

Now

\(N=N_0e^{-\lambda t}\)

\(\frac{N}{N_0} =e^{-\lambda t}\)

\(\frac{6.68}{.97} = e^{\lambda t}\)

λ is disintegration constant

λ = .693 / half life

= .693 / 5568

= .00012446 year⁻¹

Putting the values in the equation above

\(\frac{6.68}{.97} = e^{.00012446\times t}\)

\(6.8866 = e^{.00012446\times t}\)

1.929577 = .00012446 t

t = 15503.6 years .  

To measure reaction heat under isochoric conditions, a bomb calorimeter is needed.

This device is designed to maintain a constant volume (isochoric) during the reaction, allowing for accurate measurement of reaction heat. To improve the accuracy of the coffee cup calorimeter for measuring reaction heat under isobaric conditions, a modification that could be made is to use a stirring device to ensure uniform mixing of the reactants and to minimize heat loss to the surroundings.

Additionally, a lid with a small hole could be placed over the top of the calorimeter to prevent heat loss while still allowing for pressure equalization. These modifications would help to minimize errors in heat measurement and improve the accuracy of the results obtained.

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Answer:

60.9 metric tons of Mn are accumulated

Explanation:

The Mn accumulates at a rate of 0.06 mgm⁻²day⁻¹.

After 5.0years (5years * 365 = 1825days) will be accumulate:

0.06 mgm⁻²day⁻¹ * 1825 days =

109.5mgm⁻²

Now, 556km² are:

556 km² * ((1000m)² / 1km) = 5.56x10⁸ m²

In 5.56x10⁸ m² you will accumulate:

5.56x10⁸ m² * 109.5mgm⁻² = 6.09x10¹⁰mg are accumulated.

In kg:

6.09x10¹⁰mg * (1kg / 1x10⁶mg) = 6.09x10⁴kg.

In metric tons:

6.09x10⁴kg * (1 metric ton / 1000kg) =

Answer:

Fluorine has a higher electronegativity than carbon

Explanation:

Electronegativity trend

-As you go from left to right across the periodic table, the electronegativity increases.

-As you go from top to bottom, the electronegativity decreases.

-We know that both carbon and fluorine are in the same energy level or period 2. However, Carbon is in group 14, which has 4 valence electrons, while fluorine is in group 17, which has 7 valence electrons. Therefore, fluorine has a higher electronegativity because fluorine is desperately wanted to gain 1 more valence electron to become stable (octet rule).

Answer:

Watch Naruto that's the answer

Explanation:

The element is chromium.

Metallic elements lose electrons to form positively-charged ions.

A metal that has lost an electron will have a +1 charge

Similarly, a metal that has lost two electrons will have a +2 charge.

A metal that has lost three electrons will have a +1 charge.

Thus, the neutral metallic element will have 21 + 3 electrons = 24 electrons

The atomic number of the element is 24.

The element that has atomic number 24 is chromium.

Therefore, the element is chromium.

In conclusion, metals lose electrons to form positively-charged ions.

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Answer:

True

Explanation:

They are actually the same

The answer is False.

The oxidation number is the number of electrons removed or added to an element or compound. This is also equal to the charge on the ion.

For example, if Sodium atom loses one electron, it becomes oxidized to the + 1 state.

Na → Na⁺ + e⁻.

So, the oxidation number of Sodium is the charge on the Sodium ion which is + 1.

So, the oxidation number is equal to the charge on the ion.

So, the answer is False.

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Answer:Favorable

Explanation:um I know That it is Favorable sorry!

Answer:

As gas is compressed, the individual molecules begin to move in each others way creating a very repulsive force. It acts to oppose any further volume decrease. At very close distances, all molecules repel each other as their electron clouds emerge.

Explanation:

The calculated formula masses to 133.5 amu, we find that the substance with a formula mass closest to 133.5 amu is (d) AlCl3. Therefore, the answer is option D.

To identify the substance with a formula mass of 133.5 amu, we need to calculate the formula mass of each given substance and compare it to 133.5 amu.

(a) MgCl2:

The formula mass of MgCl2 can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl).

Mg: atomic mass = 24.31 amu

Cl: atomic mass = 35.45 amu

Formula mass of MgCl2 = (24.31 amu) + 2(35.45 amu) = 95.21 amu

(b) SCl:

The formula mass of SCl can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of sulfur (S) and chlorine (Cl).

S: atomic mass = 32.07 amu

Cl: atomic mass = 35.45 amu

Formula mass of SCl = 32.07 amu + 35.45 amu = 67.52 amu

(c) BCl:

The formula mass of BCl can be calculated by adding the atomic mass of boron (B) and chlorine (Cl).

B: atomic mass = 10.81 amu

Cl: atomic mass = 35.45 amu

Formula mass of BCl = 10.81 amu + 35.45 amu = 46.26 amu

(d) AlCl3:

The formula mass of AlCl3 can be calculated by adding the atomic mass of aluminum (Al) and 3 times the atomic mass of chlorine (Cl).

Al: atomic mass = 26.98 amu

Cl: atomic mass = 35.45 amu

Formula mass of AlCl3 = 26.98 amu + 3(35.45 amu) = 133.78 amu. Option D

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Answer: 4.88 g/mol. and helium

Explanation:

To find the molar mass of the gas, we can use the ideal gas law equation which is PV=nRT where:

P = pressure = 2.000 atm

V = volume = 50.00 L

n = number of moles

R = gas constant = 0.08206 L·atm/K·mol

T = temperature = 273.15 K

First, we need to find the number of moles of the gas:

PV = nRT

n = PV/RT

n = (2.000 atm)(50.00 L)/(0.08206 L·atm/K·mol)(273.15 K)

n = 1.844 mol

Now, we can find the molar mass of the gas by dividing its mass by the number of moles:

molar mass = mass/number of moles

mass = 9.00 g

molar mass = 9.00 g/1.844 mol

molar mass = 4.88 g/mol

Therefore, the molar mass of the gas is 4.88 g/mol.

To determine what gas this is, we can compare the molar mass of the gas to the molar masses of known gases. The molar mass of 4.88 g/mol is closest to that of helium (4.00 g/mol). Therefore, this gas is most likely helium.

If the caffeine concentration in a particular brand of soda is 2.99 mg/oz, drinking, The number of cans of soda would be lethal is 258 cans.

Caffeine is a stimulant. In the brain, it blocks the effects of a chemical called adenosine, which makes you feel sleepy. we then feel more alert and energetic, which is why many people drink soda, coffee or tea to stay awake. Caffeine may keep you awake even if you don't want it to

Given

v = 10 000/3.23 =3095.96 oz

Therefore,

Number of cans = 3095.96 /12 =258 cans

If the caffeine concentration in a particular brand of soda is 2.99 mg/oz, drinking, The number of cans of soda would be lethal is 258 cans.

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Answer:(i) Voltaic cell

A voltaic cell is a device that uses a chemical reaction to produce electrical energy.

a. Electron flow

b. Voltmeter or lightbulb

c. Electron flow

d. Cathode or Cu

e. Cu²⁺(aq) and NO₃⁻(aq)

f. Salt bridge

g. Zn²⁺(aq)

h. Anode or Zn

Answer:

To find the pressure at which the solubility of the gas would be 0.2 g/L, we can use the concept of Henry's Law. Henry's Law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid.

The equation for Henry's Law is:

S = k * P

Where:

S is the solubility of the gas in the liquid (in g/L)

k is the Henry's Law constant (which depends on the specific gas and liquid)

P is the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid (in atm)

We can set up a proportion to find the unknown pressure (P2) when the solubility (S2) is 0.2 g/L:

S1 / P1 = S2 / P2

Substituting the given values:

0.028 g/L / 3.5 atm = 0.2 g/L / P2

Now we can solve for P2:

P2 = (0.2 g/L * 3.5 atm) / 0.028 g/L

P2 = 24.5 atm

Therefore, at a pressure of 24.5 atm, the solubility of the gas would be 0.2 g/L.

Answer:

88.63494750000001

Explanation:

Convert moles Gold to gram.

Answer:

0.551 moles

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles in 22 grams of argon, divide the mass by the molar mass:

Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass

Number of moles = 22 g / 39.95 g/mol

Number of moles ≈ 0.551 moles

Therefore, there are approximately 0.551 moles of argon in 22 grams of argon.

Answer:

103 mmHg

Explanation:

To find the new pressure, you need to use the Combined Gas Law:

P₁V₁ / T₁ = P₂V₂ / T₂

In this equation, "P₁", "V₁", and "T₁" represent the initial pressure, volume, and temperature. "P₂", "V₂", and "T₂" represent the final pressure, volume, and temperature. You can find the new pressure (P₂) after converting the temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin.

P₁ = 365.7 mmHg                                        P₂ = ? mmHg

V₁ = 75.1 L                                                    V₂ = 242.9 L

T₁ = 33.2 °C + 273.15 = 306.35 K              T₂ = 6.5 °C + 273.15 = 279.65 K

P₁V₁ / T₁ = P₂V₂ / T₂                                           <----- Combined Gas Law

(365.7 mmHg)(75.1 L) / 306.35 K = P₂(242.9 L) / 279.65 K    <----- Insert values

89.649 = P₂(242.9 L) / 279.65 K                     <----- Simplify left side

25070.433 = P₂(242.9 L)                                 <----- Multiply both sides by 279.65

103 = P₂                                                            <----- Divide both sides by 242.9

The pH of the solutions are as follows:

a. pH = 4.4

b. pH = 0.2

The pH of a solution is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution.

The pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration of a substance.

pH = -log [H⁺]

where [H⁺] is the hydrogen ion concentration

The pH of the solutions are as follows:

a.  150.0 ml of a 3.5 x 10⁻⁵ M HNO3.

pH = -log (3.5 x 10⁻⁵)

pH = 4.4

b. 250.0 ml of a 0.63 M solution of HNO2

pH = -log (0.63)

pH = 0.2

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Total electrons in fluorine (F): 9. Valence electrons in fluorine (F):7.

The element fluorine (F) is located in the periodic table in Group 17, also known as Group VIIA or the halogens. Fluorine has an atomic number of 9, indicating that it contains 9 electrons in its neutral state.

To determine the total number of electrons in a neutral atom of fluorine, we refer to its atomic number, which corresponds to the number of protons and electrons in an atom. Thus, fluorine has a total of 9 electrons.

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level, also known as the valence shell, of an atom. For fluorine, the valence electrons are found in the second energy level, specifically in the 2p orbital. Since the second energy level can accommodate a maximum of 8 electrons, fluorine has 7 valence electrons.

Valence electrons play a crucial role in chemical bonding and determining the reactivity of an element. In the case of fluorine, its 7 valence electrons make it highly reactive, as it only needs one additional electron to achieve a stable, full outer electron configuration of 8 electrons. This strong desire to gain an electron makes fluorine one of the most electronegative elements on the periodic table.

In summary, a neutral atom of fluorine (F) has a total of 9 electrons, with 7 of them being valence electrons located in the 2p orbital.

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6.8 moles of CO2 are produced when 3.4 mol of C2H2 react.

Acetylene is a chemical with the formula C2H2 and the chemical formula HCCH.

Balanced chemical equation for the reaction of C2H2 with O2 to produce CO2 and H2O is: 2C2H2 + 5O2 → 4CO2 + 2H2O

From equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of C2H2 reacted, 4 moles of CO2 are produced.

As 2 mol C2H2 / 4 mol CO2 = 3.4 mol C2H2 / x mol CO2

x is number of moles of CO2 produced.

So, x = (4 mol CO2 x 3.4 mol C2H2) / 2 mol C2H2

x = 6.8 mol CO2

Therefore, 6.8 moles of CO2 are produced when 3.4 mol of C2H2 react.

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The van't Hoff factor for C5H4 is 1.

The van't Hoff factor, denoted as i, represents the number of particles that a solute dissociates into when it dissolves in a solvent. In the case of C5H4, which is a neutral compound, it does not dissociate or ionize when it dissolves in a solvent.

Therefore, the van't Hoff factor for C5H4 is 1, indicating that it remains as a single particle in the solvent.

When a solute dissolves in a solvent, it can sometimes dissociate into multiple particles, such as ions or molecules.

This leads to an increase in the total number of particles in the solution, affecting various properties like colligative properties (e.g., boiling point elevation, freezing point depression).

However, C5H4 does not exhibit this behavior and does not break apart into ions or molecules upon dissolution. Hence, the van't Hoff factor for C5H4 is 1, implying that it does not affect the colligative properties of the solution since it remains as a single particle.

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Answer:

To lower the activation energy of a reaction

Explanation:

i just took the test and got it right ...... i hope this helps :)

Answer:

increasing the positive charge of the positively charged object and increasing the negative charge of the negatively charged object would make the oppositely charged objects attract each other more.