A small car weighing 2,205 pounds and traveling at 60 mph crashes into a steel pole and stops in 0.05 seconds. The force of the impact is calculated to be -53,600 N.
To calculate the force of a car that crashes into a steel pole, we need to use the formula F = m*a, where F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.
To find the acceleration, we can use the formula\(a = (v_f - v_i) / t\), where \(v_f\) is the final velocity, \(v_i\) is the initial velocity, and t is the time it takes to stop.
First, we need to convert the weight of the car from pounds to mass in kilograms, which is 1000 kg. Then, we need to convert the speed from miles per hour to meters per second, which is 26.8 m/s.
Using the formula a = (0 - 26.8) / 0.05, we get an acceleration of -536 m/s². Finally, we can use the formula F = m*a to find the force, which is -53,600 N.
The negative sign indicates that the force is in the opposite direction of the car's motion, meaning the car experiences a deceleration force. The force is very high due to the short stopping time, which can cause severe damage to the car and its occupants.
In summary, the force of a car crashing into a steel pole and coming to a stop in 0.05 seconds can be calculated using the formula F = m*a. Converting the weight to mass and the speed to meters per second, we can find the acceleration and use it to calculate the force.
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What value of resistor R gives the circuit in the figure a time constant of 22 μs ?
The value of resistor R that gives the circuit in the figure a time constant of 22 μs is 220 Ω.
The circuit that is in the figure is shown below:Given that time constant (RC) = 22 μs. To find the value of resistor R, we need to use the formula for the time constant:
RC = τ, where R is the resistance and C is the capacitance of the circuit.
Rearranging the above formula, we get:R = τ / C
Where τ is the time constant and C is the capacitance of the circuit.
From the figure, the capacitance is given as 0.1 μF
.Substituting the values of τ and C in the above formula, we get:
R = (22 × 10⁻⁶ s) / (0.1 × 10⁻⁶ F)
R = 220 Ω
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A woman rowing on a wide river wants the resultant (net) velocity of her boat to be 8 km/hr westward. If the current is moving 2 km/hr northeastward, what velocity vector should she maintain
The woman should maintain a rowing velocity of 2 km/hr eastward to achieve a resultant (net) velocity of 8 km/hr westward, considering the current velocity of 2 km/hr northeastward.
To determine the velocity vector that the woman should maintain while rowing, we can use vector addition.Let's assume that the woman's desired velocity (resultant velocity) is 8 km/hr westward, and the current is moving at 2 km/hr northeastward. We need to find the rowing velocity that will combine with the current to achieve the desired resultant velocity.To do this, we can treat the velocities as vectors and add them using vector addition. Since the desired resultant velocity is westward, we need to add the rowing velocity and the current velocity in such a way that their resultant points westward.We can break down the current velocity into its northward and eastward components. The northward component of the current is 2 km/hr, and the eastward component is also 2 km/hr.To achieve a resultant velocity pointing westward, the rowing velocity must cancel out the eastward component of the current. Therefore, the rowing velocity should be 2 km/hr eastward.Now, we can add the rowing velocity and the current velocity:
Rowing velocity (eastward) + Current velocity (northeastward) = Resultant velocity (westward)
2 km/hr (eastward) + 2 km/hr (northeastward) = 4 km/hr (westward)
Therefore, the woman should maintain a rowing velocity of 2 km/hr eastward to achieve a resultant (net) velocity of 8 km/hr westward, considering the current velocity of 2 km/hr northeastward.
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3. Since Aspeon is not expected togrow, Emily believes that the following equations can be used in the valuation analysis: (1) S=[EBIT−kd(D)](1−ks)
(2) V=S+D
(3) P=(V−D0)/n0
(4) n1=n0−D/P
(5) VL=VU+TD
The equations mentioned by Emily in the valuation analysis for Aspeon are as follows:
1) Equation (1): This equation represents the value of equity (S) and calculates it based on the EBIT (earnings before interest and taxes), the tax shield provided by debt (D), and the required return on debt (kd) and equity (ks). It implies that the value of equity is equal to the adjusted EBIT after deducting the tax shield from debt.
2) Equation (2): This equation calculates the total enterprise value (V) by adding the value of equity (S) and debt (D). It represents the total worth of the company, considering both equity and debt.
3) Equation (3): This equation calculates the price per share (P) by dividing the total enterprise value (V) minus the initial debt (D0) by the number of shares (n0). It represents the price per share based on the valuation of the company.
4) Equation (4): This equation calculates the new number of shares (n1) by subtracting the dividend (D) from the initial number of shares (n0) divided by the price per share (P). It represents the adjusted number of shares after the payment of dividends.
5) Equation (5): This equation calculates the levered value (VL) by adding the unlevered value (VU) with the tax shield value (TD). It represents the value of the company after considering the tax advantages of debt.
These equations provide a framework for valuation analysis, considering factors such as earnings, taxes, debt, and equity. They help assess the value and financial implications of Aspeon's growth prospects.
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which assumption about level of measurement is made for the chi square test?
The chi-square test assumes that the variables being analyzed are measured at a nominal or ordinal level of measurement.
In statistics, the level of measurement refers to the nature and properties of the data being collected. There are four levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. Nominal and ordinal levels are considered categorical, while interval and ratio levels are considered numerical. The chi-square test is specifically designed for analyzing categorical data, where the observations can be classified into distinct categories or groups. It is used to determine whether there is a significant association or relationship between two categorical variables.
The test calculates the difference between the observed frequencies and the expected frequencies under the assumption of independence between the variables. It compares the observed and expected frequencies using a chi-square statistic and determines the p-value to assess the statistical significance of the association. Therefore, the chi-square test assumes that the variables being analyzed are measured at a nominal or ordinal level because it deals with categorical data and evaluates the relationship between different categories or groups.
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What evidence do we have that some meteorites originated inside large bodies?
The evidence that some meteorites originated inside large bodies includes the presence of chondrules, which are believed to have formed in the early solar system, and the isotopic composition of certain elements that suggests they underwent a process of differentiation.
Chondrules are small, spherical grains found in some meteorites that are thought to have formed through a rapid heating and cooling process in the early solar system. This suggests that these meteorites originated from a larger body that had undergone some form of thermal processing. The isotopic composition of certain elements found in some meteorites also provides evidence for differentiation. For example, the presence of isotopic anomalies in oxygen, chromium, and other elements suggests that these meteorites underwent a process of melting and differentiation within a larger parent body.Other lines of evidence for internal differentiation within meteorite parent bodies include the presence of layered structures and variations in mineral compositions. These findings suggest that some meteorites are fragments of larger bodies that formed and differentiated in the early solar system.
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A motorcycle has a constant acceleration of 2.5 meters per second squared
Both the velocity and acceleration of the motorcycle point in the same direction
How much time is required for the motorcycle to change its speed from 21 to 31 m/s z
Answer:
\(given \\ accelaration (a)= 2.5 \frac{m}{ {s}^{2} } \\ initial \: velocity(u) = 21 \frac{m}{s} \\ final \: velocity(v) = 31 \frac{m}{s} \\ we \: want \: find \: time \\ newtons \: equation \: of \: motion \: v = u + at \\ 31 = 21 + 2.5 \times t \\ 31 - 21 = 2.5t \\ 10 = 2.5t \\ \frac{10}{2.5} = t \\ t = 4sec\)
A 75 kg swimmer steps off a 10.0 m tower. What is the swimmer’s velocity on hitting the water?
Given data:
Height of the tower;
\(h=10\text{ m}\)The velocity is given as,
\(v^2=u^2+2gh\)Here, u is the initial velocity of the swimmer (u=0), and g is the acceleration due to gravity (g=9.8 m/s²).
Substituting all known values,
\(\begin{gathered} v^2=0^2+2\times(9.8\text{ m/s}^2)\times(10\text{ m}) \\ v^2=196\text{ m}^2\text{ /s}^2 \\ v=14\text{ m/s} \end{gathered}\)Therefore, the swimmer's velocity on hitting the water is 14 m/s.
Karen is asked to look at two spots of light and judge which one gets brighter over time. Both spots start out at 100 units of brightness. She notices that the right spot is brighter when it is 110 units. If she is presented with two new spots of light both starting at 300 units, how much brighter will one have to get before she will be able to reliably detect the difference?.
As spots start out at 100 units of brightness. One of the light spots will have to get 330 units brighter than the other for her to be able to tell the difference.
In the case of the first bulb, she noticed the difference when the right was 0.10 % brighter than the other one.
100 * 0.10 = 10
100 + 10 = 110
If we apply the same sense in the second case, one of the spots will have to be 0.10% brighter than the other.
300 * 0.10=30
300+30 = 330
In order to tell the difference, the other spot should be at 330 units of brightness.
The unit of brightness is Lumen. It is use to calculate the total amount of brightness emitted from a source over a unit of time.
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a girl standing on a bridge throws a stone vertically upwards at 6 ms⁻1. it hits the water below the bridge after 2 seconds. find the speed at which the stone hits the water and the initial height of the stone
The speed at which the stone hits the water is 13.6m/s and the initial height of the stone is 7.6m.
Speed of stone as it hits the waterInitial velocity of stone = 6 ms⁻¹
At the maximum height, the final velocity, v = 0
Acceleration of the stone, g = 9.8 ms⁻²
Time taken to reach maximum height = t₁
Using, v = u + gt₁t₁ = v - u/g
since the stone is travelling upwards, g = -9.8 m/s⁻²
t₁ = 0 - 6/-9.8
t₁ = 0.61 s
Time take to fall from maximum height, t = 2 - 0.61s
Time take to fall from maximum height = 1.39s
Calculating the final velocity using the formula, v = u + gtwhere u = 0 m/s
v = 0 + 9.8 * 1.39
v = 13.6 m/s
Initial height of stoneInitial height of stone = Height of bridge, H
Time taken by the stone to fall down from height, H in water, t = 2s
Initial velocity of stone = 6 ms⁻¹
Acceleration of the stone, g = 9.8 ms⁻²
Height of the bridge, H = -ut + gt²/2Initial velocity is negative since it is against gravityH = -6 * 2 + 9.8 * 2² /2
H = 7.6m
Therefore, the speed at which the stone hits the water is 13.6m/s and the initial height of the stone is 7.6m
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Help me please.......
What happens to momentum when two objects collide
Answer:
The sum of momenta of each object before and after collision is equal . Thus when they collide , their momentum will change but its sum will be sane as the sum of the momentum before collision
Find the position vector of a particle that has the given acceleration and the specified initial velocity and position. Then o your own using a computer, graph the path of the particle. a(t)=12ti+sin(t)j+cos(2t)k,v(0)=i,r(0)=j
The position vector of the particle is r(t) = (4t^3/3 - cos(t) + C1)i + (-cos(t) + C2)j + (sin(2t)/2 + C3)k.
To find the position vector of a particle given its acceleration, initial velocity, and initial position, we integrate the acceleration function twice.
In the given problem, the acceleration function is a(t) = 12ti + sin(t)j + cos(2t)k. Integrating with respect to time, we obtain the velocity function v(t) = 6t^2i - cos(t)j + sin(2t)/2k, where C1 is the constant of integration.
Integrating the velocity function with respect to time once again, we get the position function r(t) = (2t^3 - cos(t) + C1)i - sin(t)j + sin(2t)/2 + C2k, where C2 is the constant of integration.
Given the initial velocity v(0) = i, we can find the constant C1 by substituting t = 0 into the velocity function. Therefore, C1 = 0.
Given the initial position r(0) = j, we can find the constant C2 by substituting t = 0 into the position function. Therefore, C2 = 0.
Thus, the position vector of the particle is r(t) = (4t^3/3 - cos(t))i - cos(t)j + sin(2t)/2k.
To graph the path of the particle, we can use a computer to plot the position vector as a function of time. By varying the time, we can visualize the trajectory of the particle in three-dimensional space.
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1.If a wooden cube has length and breadth of 1.5 m each and it is exerting a pressure of 1200 pa. What is it's weight (f)?
Explanation:
Explanation:
Pressure is defined as a Force over an
Area.
p=F/A
We can rearrange this to make the Force
the subject
F = p *A
The pressure is given as 1200 Pa.
We know a pascal is 1 Newton / Square
metre = N/m²
The area of a cube will be width * breadth
= 1.5 m * 1.5 m= 2.25 m²
So the force the cube is pushing down
with (its weight) is simply
F = p * A = 1200 N/m² * 2.25 m² = 2700 N
Weight is officialy defined as a force
measured in Newtons, but when we
talk about weight we often give it in
Kilograms (a unit of mass).
To get the weight in units of
Kilogram-force you must divide by the
gravitational acceleration =9.81 m/s²
2700 / 9.81 = 275.23 Kg
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Cumulative Problem 1
A typical human cell is approximately 11 um in diameter and enclosed by a membrane that is 4,4 nm thick. To
simplify the calculations, model the cell as a sphere.
1) What is the volume of the cell? (Express your answer to two significant figures.)
Answer:
Volume, \(V=696.55\ \mu m^3\)
Explanation:
Given that,
The diameter of a human cell is 11 μm
It is enclosed by a membrane that is 4,4 nm thick.
We need to find the volume of the cell. The cell is spherical in shape. The volume of a sphere is given by the formula as follows :
\(V=\dfrac{4}{3}\pi r^3\)
r is the radius of the sphere, r = 5.5 μm
So,
\(V=\dfrac{4}{3}\times 3.14\times (5.5)^3\\\\V=696.55\ \mu m^3\)
So, the volume of the cell is \(696.55\ \mu m^3\).
a 0.500 kg hammer is moving horizontally at 6.00 m/s when it strikes a nail and comes to rest after driving it 1.00 cm into a board. Assume constant acceleration of the hammer- nail pair. a. Calculate the duration of the impact. b. What was the average force exerted on the nail?
The force applied by the hammer can be calculated using work done. W = F.d and the final kinetic energy is zero. Hence work done is equal to kinetic energy.
The kinetic energy of the hammer before striking the nail is
1/2mv²=0.5×(6)²=18 Joule
The work done in striking the nail is given by force × distance.
Therefore, force is given by:
Force = work done / distance = 18 / 0.01 = 1800 N
From Newton’s second law, force = mass × acceleration, acceleration is given by:
a = force / mass = 1800 / 0.5 = 3600 m/s²
The time required for the hammer to come to rest is given by the equation,
v = u + atWhere u = initial velocity = 6 m/sv = final velocity = 0 m/sa = acceleration = 3600 m/s²t = time taken
We can calculate t as follows:0 = 6 + (3600)t-6 = 3600tT = 6/3600 = 0.00167 secondsb.
Average force exerted on the nailWe have already found the force exerted by the hammer on the nail as 1800 N. This is the force exerted for a duration of 0.00167 seconds.The average force exerted on the nail is given by the equation:
Average force = change in momentum / time takenThe momentum of the hammer before striking the nail is:p = mv = 0.5×6 = 3 kg m/s
The momentum of the hammer and nail after the collision is:p’ = 0 (since both are at rest)Therefore, change in momentum is:
Δp = p’ - p = -3 kg m/s
Average force = -3 / 0.00167 = -1796.4 N
Average force exerted on the nail is 1796.4 N, opposite in direction to the motion of the hammer.
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The mass of an empty flask is 34 g.The volume of liquid added to the flask is 20 cm3. The total mass of the flask and the liquid is 50 g. What is the density of the liquid?
If the mass of an empty flask is 34 g. The volume of liquid added to the flask is 20 cm3. The total mass of the flask and the liquid is 50 g.then the density of the liquid would be 0.8 gram / cm³
What is density?It can be defined as the mass of any object or body per unit volume of the particular object or body. Generally, it is expressed as in gram per cm³ or kilogram per meter³.
By using the above formula for density
ρ = mass / volume
As given in problem f the mass of an empty flask is 34 g. The volume of liquid added to the flask is 20 cm3. The total mass of the flask and the liquid is 50 g.
The mass of liquid = 50 -34
= 16 gram
volume of the liquid = 20 cm³
density of liquid = 16/20
= 0.8 gram / cm³
Thus, the density of the liquid would be 0.8 gram / cm³
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19 dm expressed in millimeters
Ten steel fins with straight uniform cross-section are uniform distributed over a 20 cm x 20 cm surface kept at 53 ºC. The cross-section of the fin is 20 cm x 1 cm with a length of 10 cm. The convection coefficient between the solid surfaces (base surface and finned surface) and the fluid around them is 600 W/(m2 ·K) at 25 ºC. The thermal conductivity of the steel is 50 W/(m·K) and the thermal conductivity of the fluid is 0.6 W/(m·K). Obtain the heat rate dissipated in one fin and the total heat rate dissipated by the all-finned surface. Check the hypothesis made.
The heat rate dissipated in one fin is approximately 13.8 W, and the total heat rate dissipated by the all-finned surface is approximately 138 W.
To calculate the heat rate dissipated in one fin, we can use the formula for heat transfer through a rectangular fin:
q = (k * A * ΔT) / L
where q is the heat rate, k is the thermal conductivity, A is the cross-sectional area, ΔT is the temperature difference, and L is the length of the fin.
Substituting the given values, we have:
q = (50 W/(m·K) * 20 cm * 1 cm * (53 ºC - 25 ºC)) / 10 cm
q = 520 W
However, since there are ten fins, we divide the heat rate by ten to obtain the heat rate dissipated in one fin:
q = 520 W / 10 = 52 W
To calculate the total heat rate dissipated by the all-finned surface, we multiply the heat rate dissipated in one fin by the total number of fins:
total heat rate = 52 W * 10 = 520 W
Therefore, the heat rate dissipated in one fin is approximately 13.8 W, and the total heat rate dissipated by the all-finned surface is approximately 138 W.
It is important to note that this calculation assumes uniform heat distribution and neglects any losses due to radiation, which are typically small in comparison to convective heat transfer in such systems.
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A device consisting of four heavy balls connected by low-mass rods is free to rotate about an axle. It is initially not spinning. A small bullet traveling very fast buries itself in one of the balls. In the diagram, m = 0.005 kg, v = 450 m/s, M1 = 1.2 kg, M2 = 0.5 kg, R1 = 0.8 m, and R2 = 0.3 m. The axle of the device is at the origin < 0, 0, 0 >, and the bullet strikes at location <0.274, 0.752, 0> m. Just after the impact, what is the angular speed of the device? Note that this is an inelastic collision; the systems temperature increases. angular speed (absolute value of the angular velocity) = _________ radians/s
The angular speed of the device is 1.03 rad/s.
What is the conservation of angular momentum?A spinning system's ability to conserve angular momentum ensures that its spin will not change until it is subjected to an external torque; to put it another way, the rotation's speed will not change as long as the net torque is zero.
Using the conservation of angular momentum
\(L_{i} = L{f}\)
Here, \(L_{i}\) = the system's angular momentum before the collision
\(L_{i}\) = 0 + mv\(d_{y}\)
= (0.005)(450)(0.752)
= 1.692 kgm²/s
The moment of inertia of the system is given by
I = 2(M₁R₁² + M₂R₂²)+ mR₁²
= 2[(1.2)(0.8)² +(0.5)(0.3)²]+0.005(0.8)²
= 1.6292 kgm²
Here, \(L_{f}\) = Iω
So,
1.692 = 1.6292(ω)
ω = 1.03 rad/s
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The angular speed of the device is 1.03 rad/s.
What is the conservation of angular momentum?A spinning system's ability to conserve angular momentum ensures that its spin will not change until it is subjected to an external torque; to put it another way, the rotation's speed will not change as long as the net torque is zero.
Using the conservation of angular momentum
\(L_{i}=L_{f}\)
Here, = the system's angular momentum before the collision
\(L_{i}\) = 0 + mv
= (0.005)(450)(0.752)
= 1.692 kgm²/s
The moment of inertia of the system is given by
I = 2(M₁R₁² + M₂R₂²)+ mR₁²
= 2[(1.2)(0.8)² +(0.5)(0.3)²]+0.005(0.8)²
= 1.6292 kgm²
Here, = Iω
So,
1.692 = 1.6292(ω)
ω = 1.03 rad/s
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A boy is twirling a model airplane on a string 4 feet long. if he twirls the plane at 0.25 revolutions per minute, how far does the plane travel in 4 minutes? round to the nearest tenth.
Answer:
25.13 ft
Explanation:
r = 4 feet
ω=0.25 revolution per minute
=1 revolution in 4 minutes
total number of revolution N = 1 (in 4 minutes )
v=rω
distance traveled = 2×N×π×r
=2×1×π×4
=8π
= 25.13ft in 4mins
Bob is pulling a 30 kg filing cabinet with a force of 200 N , but the filing cabinet refuses to move. The coefficient of static friction between the filing cabinet and the floor is 0.80
Part A
What is the magnitude of the friction force on the filing cabinet?
Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
The applied force, F, and the friction force, f, act on the cabinet in the direction of motion (x-axis). Therefore,
F + (-f) = mg
Now, by using the formula for static friction :
f = mg
f = (0.80)(30)(9.8)
f = 235.2 kg m/s² or,
Therefore, the magnitude of the friction force is 235.2 N.
What do you mean by static friction?Static friction is a force that holds an object at leisure. It is the friction encountered when individuals try to move a fixed object on a surface without initiating any relative motion between the body and the surface on which it is.
How can you define static force?A force acting on an object is static force if it does not change that particular object's size, position, or direction. The force involved in a structure acts as a load to that precise structure. This is why static force is also known as a static load.
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Hello, my name it anna I have a question it
Which example describes an adaptation of a blueberry plant in the summer?
Answer -Buds begin to form.-The leaves turn red.-The plant is dormant-Berries and leaves are fully grown. So what it the answer it is science
The correct answer is: Berries and leaves are fully grown.
An adaptation is a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment. In the summer, blueberry plants need to grow their berries and leaves to produce food and survive. Therefore, the adaptation of the blueberry plant in the summer is that the berries and leaves are fully grown.
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♥️ \(\large{\textcolor{red}{\underline{\mathcal{SUMIT\:\:ROY\:\:(:\:\:}}}}\)
Using Newton’s second law, why do you think a cotton ball may not be used as a baseball in a baseball game.
Answer:
as its mass and velocity will less so its momentum will be less than that of baseball
Here, we are required to justify the reason why a cotton ball may not be used as a baseball in a baseball game.
This is due to the relatively small mass of a cotton ball as this consequently, affects the force on the ball when it's in play. As we know, force is a rate of change of momentum with time.From Newton's laws, Newton's second law of motion to be particular, the rate of change of momentum with time is directly proportional to the force applied on the object.i.e F = (mv - mu)/t.
The law above can also be written as, F = m × a
Where
m = mass,
a = acceleration.
In either case, the mass (i.e quantity of matter present in it) of the cotton ball is relatively small and therefore would not be sufficient to produce the force required during passing during the baseball game.Consequently, the change in
momentum is low and so is
the force.
Ultimately, the cotton ball is not a good fit as a baseball for a baseball game.
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what is the approximate boiling pressure of refrigerant oil in a system?
Refrigerant oil boiling pressure The boiling pressure of refrigerant oil is determined by the temperature of the system. This temperature varies depending on the pressure exerted on the oil. The refrigerant oil will boil at a different temperature for each refrigerant.
The boiling point of refrigerant oil can be estimated by determining the boiling pressure at a certain temperature of the system. The approximate boiling pressure of refrigerant oil in a system ranges from 20 to 30 psig. However, this value may vary depending on the type of refrigerant used in the system. The refrigerant oil can also be changed depending on the type of refrigerant used in the system.The type of refrigerant used in the system will also affect the boiling pressure of refrigerant oil. A refrigerant is a substance that changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state at a specific temperature. It is used in refrigeration systems to transfer heat from one location to another. The refrigerant oil is added to the system to ensure that all parts of the system are lubricated. This prevents the parts from grinding together and causing damage.
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solvent that can be used to remove ink from clothes and cleaning greasy
hands
Answer:
Rubbing Alcohol
Explanation:
What causes the differences in orbits when the planet is small in mass compared to the star vs when its mass is similar to that of the star
The center of mass is located closer to the star, but it is still present, causing the planet and star to orbit around it.
The differences in orbits when the planet is small in mass compared to the star vs when its mass is similar to that of the star are caused by the gravitational forces acting on the planet.
When the planet is small in mass compared to the star, its orbit is determined by the gravitational pull of the star. This means that the planet orbits around the star in an elliptical path with the star at one of the foci of the ellipse.
This is because the star's gravity is much stronger than the planet's gravity and therefore dominates the motion of the planet. However, when the planet's mass is similar to that of the star, the gravitational forces acting on the planet and the star are equal.
In this case, the planet does not orbit around the star in an elliptical path, but rather both the planet and the star orbit around a common center of mass. The center of mass is located closer to the star, but it is still present, causing the planet and star to orbit around it.
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The farthest bright galaxies that modern telescopes are capable of seeing are up to:.
The farthest bright galaxies that modern telescopes are currently capable of seeing are up to several billions of light-years away. The exact distance depends on various factors such as the sensitivity and resolution of the telescope, observational techniques, and the brightness of the galaxy itself.
Modern telescopes, such as the Hubble Space Telescope and large ground-based observatories equipped with advanced instruments, have greatly advanced our ability to observe and study distant galaxies. These telescopes can detect and capture the light from galaxies that existed when the universe was relatively young.
Through deep field observations and gravitational lensing techniques, astronomers have been able to observe galaxies that are more than 13 billion light-years away. These observations provide valuable insights into the early universe and its evolution.
It's important to note that the term "bright" is relative and can vary depending on the context and specific criteria used for brightness. Additionally, ongoing advancements in telescope technology continue to push the limits of observation, and future telescopes and space missions are expected to enable us to see even farther into the universe.
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A 48kg skateboarder is ready to drop
in to a halfpipe that is 7m high. What
is their potential energy
Hello, use the formula:
Pe = mgh
Data:
Pe = Potential energy = ¿?
m = Mass = 48 kg
g = Gravity = 9,81 m/s²
h = Height = 7 m
Replacing according our data:
Pe = 48 kg * 9,81 m/s² * 7 m
Resolving:Pe =3296,16 J
The potential energy of the skateboarder is 3296,16 Joules
Salmon often jump waterfalls to reach their
breeding grounds.
Starting downstream, 2.61 m away from a
waterfall 0.277 m in height, at what minimum
speed must a salmon jumping at an angle of
39.3° leave the water to continue upstream?
The acceleration due to gravity is 9.81 m/s.
Answer in units of m/s.
With the projectile launch we can find that the response for the initial velocity of the salmon is 3.68 m/s
Projectile launching is an application of kinematics for movement in two dimensions. In this case they indicate the jump distance x = 2.61 m and the jump height y = 0.277 m and the angle of 39.3º and ask the initial velocity.
Let's use trigonometry for the initial velocity.
cos 39.3 = \(\frac{v_x}{v}\)
sin 39.3 = \(\frac{v_y}{v}\)
vₓ = v cos 39.3
= v sin 39.3
Suppose that when you reach the height of the waterfall you are in the highest part of the jump, therefore the vertical velocity is zero.
\(v_y^2 = v_{oy}^2 -2 g y\)
0 = - 2 g y
\(v_{oy}\) = \(\sqrt{2gy}\)
Let's calculate
\(v_{oy} = \sqrt{2 \ 9.8 \ 0.277}\)
= 2.33 m / s
The relationship of the initial velocity and the angle.
= v sin 39.3
v = \(\frac{ v_{oy}}{son 39.3}\)
v = 2.33 / sin 39.3
v = 3.68 m / s
In conclusion using projectile launch we can find the initial velocity of the salmon is 3.68 m / s.
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11.37 A heat engine does 20 J of work while exhausting 30 J of waste heat. What is the engine's efficiency?
A heat engine does 20 J of work while exhausting 30 J of waste heat. We have to find the engine's efficiency.
To calculate the engine's efficiency, we should consider the work done by the engine, the waste heat, and the total heat input. The heat engine does 20 J of work and exhausts 30 J of waste heat.Hence the total heat input is (20 J + 30 J = 50 J). Now, efficiency is the ratio of work done to the total heat input. So, efficiency = (work done / total heat input) × 100%.
Plugging in the values:
Efficiency = (20 J / 50 J) × 100% = 0.4 × 100% = 40%
The engine's efficiency is 40%.
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