Answer:
The standred units of measurements are important to scientists because they are the same measurements that all scientist take to make sure that they all have the correct results.
Which of the following has the largest radius
A. Na
B. Na+
C. K+
D. K
Convert 100.6 Kelvin to degrees C.
°C = K - 273
[?] °C
Answer:
-172.6 °C
Explanation:
You want to know the Celsius equivalent of the temperature 100.6 K.
ConversionThe relation is ...
C = K - 273.15
C = 100.6 -273.15 = -172.55
The temperature is -172.55 °C, about -172.6 °C.
__
Additional comment
We have rounded to tenths, because that is precision of the temperature given. If you use 273 as the conversion constant, you will get -172.4.
Which of the following pairs represent isotopes?
A) 28Si and 28S14+
B) 28Si and 28A1
C) 28Si and 29Si
D) 28Si and 28Si4-
E) 28 Si4+ and 28 A13+
O
O
31
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Isotopes are versions of the same element but with a different number of neutrons.
The pair that represents isotopes is 28Si and 29Si. Option C is the correct answer.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons. Option C is the correct answer.
A) 28Si and 28S14+: In this pair, the element symbol changes from Si (silicon) to S (sulfur), so they are not isotopes.
B) 28Si and 28A1: In this pair, the element symbol changes from Si (silicon) to Al (aluminum), so they are not isotopes.
C) 28Si and 29Si: In this pair, the element symbol remains the same (Si), but the number of neutrons changes (28 vs. 29), so they are isotopes.
D) 28Si and 28Si4-: In this pair, the charge changes from neutral (Si) to a negative ion (Si4-), so they are not isotopes.
E) 28Si4+ and 28A13+: In this pair, the element symbol changes from Si (silicon) to Al (aluminum), so they are not isotopes.
Based on this analysis, the pair that represents isotopes is C) 28Si and 29Si.
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A compound is found to contain 9.227 % boron and 90.77 % chlorine by mass. What is the empirical formula for this compound?
Answer:
Empirical formula of a compound means that it provides simplest ratio of whole number.
Explanation:
Mass of boron and chlorine is 9.224% and 90.74%
how does mixture relate to life
Answer:
For example, when we bake a cake, it's a result of a mixture of eggs, flour, sugar, and other ingredients. Any time two or more items are combined, a mixture is formed. Sometimes, the different parts of a mixture can be separated into individual entities. Other times, they're married for as long as they exist.
Explanation:
About how many moles of oxygen gas are in the sample?
To answer this question, we need to use the ideal gas law equation, which states that PV=nRT, where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles of the gas, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature of the gas.
Assuming that the sample is at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is 0 degrees Celsius and 1 atmosphere of pressure, we can use the molar volume of gas at STP, which is 22.4 liters per mole.
So, if we know the volume of the sample, we can calculate the number of moles of oxygen gas in the sample. Let's say the volume of the sample is 50 liters.
Using the formula, we can rearrange it to solve for n: n = PV/RT. Plugging in the values we have, we get:
n = (1 atm) x (50 L) / [(0.08206 L x atm/mol x K) x (273 K)]
Simplifying this, we get n = 1.83 moles of oxygen gas in the sample.
Therefore, there are about 1.83 moles of oxygen gas in the sample, assuming that it is at STP and has a volume of 50 liters.
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The number of moles in 6.0 × 10²⁴ atoms of oxygen is 5 moles (option D).
How to calculate number of moles?The number of moles in a substance can be calculated by dividing the number of atoms of the substance by Avogadro's number as follows:
no of moles = no of atoms ÷ 6.02 × 10²³
According to this question, a sample of oxygen gas is said to contain 6.0 × 10²⁴ atoms of oxygen. The number of moles in this substance can be calculated as follows:
no of moles = 6.0 × 10²⁴ atoms ÷ 6.02 × 10²³
no of moles = 1 × 10¹ = 10 moles of oxygen gas
10 ÷ 2 = 5 moles of oxygen atom
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What does an annular eclipse look like? (Not a solar or lunar annular eclipse.)
An annular eclipse looks like a bright ring in the sky. This is because the Moon is positioned farther away from Earth than during a total solar eclipse, so the Moon appears smaller than the Sun, leaving a thin ring of sunlight visible around the outline of the Moon.
20) If a single gram of sugar contains 4 Calories of energy, what is the Calorie content from a serving of cereal that
contains 9.2 grams of sugar?
How many steps are there in the formation of a Solar System?
O Eight
O Four
O Ten
O Six
If ur a space nerd pls help
Answer:
6 steps
Explanation:
Answer:
6
Explanation:
I looked it up on Google. Hope this is right
Compare and contrast the three states of matter liquid, solid, and gas.
Answer:
For example: water is liquid, ice is solid, and water vapor is gas
Explanation:
A region of the IR spectrum can be used to differentiate between similar compounds that contain the same functional groups. Select the correct name of this region. O O O the downfield region the fingerprint region the functional group region the Ri region
The fingerprint region is the right term for this area. The IR spectrum of a molecule is a graphical depiction of the vibrational frequencies of the molecule's bonds.
The fingerprint area is the portion of the IR spectra between 1,000 and 400 cm-1 that is frequently used to distinguish between identical molecules with the same functional groups. This is due to the fact that each molecule has a unique bond configuration, which results in a unique set of vibrational frequencies.The fingerprint region is the right term for this area. The IR spectrum of a molecule is a graphical depiction of the vibrational frequencies of the molecule's bonds. It is possible to identify individual molecules and distinguish between similar ones by studying the peaks in the fingerprint area.The remaining areas indicated, the downfield, functional group, and Ri regions, are not typically used to define the IR spectrum.
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thefunctionalgroupregion These are often connected to functional group stretching vibrationsA functional group's stretching vibrations are restricted to a small range
Functional connection is defined as the geographically dispersed neurophysiological events' temporal coherence (Friston, 1994). In other words, if there is a statistical link between the activity measurements that have been recorded for two areas, then those two regions are said to exhibit functional connectivity. This connection strategy is based on the idea that if two regions' functional activity is regularly associated, then those two areas are assumed to be connected or to be parts of the same network Functional connectivity is a considerably more direct method of analysing functional networks than effective connectivity studies, which rely on a number of assumptions about the underlying neurobiology and the model used to predict it. Particularly it is in agreement with the intuitive
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Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O
Answer: You have it right
Explanation:
you put the two on the H2O to make it 2H2O and A two on the HNO3 to make it 2HN03 To make it balanced, good job
How many moles of carbon are present in 1.50mole of aspirin , C_{9}*H_{8} * O_{4}
Given the molecular formula of aspirin, C₉H₈O₄, in 1.50 moles of aspirin there are 13.5 moles of carbon.
What is a mole?The mole is the SI base unit for the amount of matter. 1 mole of particles contains a number of Avogadro's particles.
We have 1.50 moles of aspirin, C₉H₈O₄. According to the molecular formula, the molar ratio of C₉H₈O₄ to C is 1:9.
1.50 mol C₉H₈O₄ × (9 mol C/1 mol C₉H₈O₄) = 13.5 mol C
Given the molecular formula of aspirin, C₉H₈O₄, in 1.50 moles of aspirin there are 13.5 moles of carbon.
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Make a
prediction about how a lack
of resources in an ecosystem
might impact the levels of
organization.
Answer:
Limiting factors of an ecosystem include disease, severe climate and weather changes, predator-prey relationships, commercial development, environmental pollution and more. An excess or depletion of any one of these limiting factors can degrade and even destroy a habitat.
Explanation:
The limiting factor of an ecosystem involve disease, weather change, climate change, environment pollution and more. An excess or depletion of any of these factor can destroy over habitat.
What is Ecosystem?An ecosystem is define as a community or a group of living organisms that live together and are dependent on each other.
There are two main types of ecosystem.
Terrestrial ecosystem-Terrestrial ecosystem are land based ecosystem and interaction of biotic and abiotic component in the specific area.
Example- forest, grassland desert etc.
Aquatic ecosystem-Aquatic ecosystem are ecosystem formed by surrounding water bodies. They are dependent on each other and their environment .
Example- lake, pond, river etc.
Thus ecosystem and their limiting factor have great impact on the level of organization.
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What is the de Broglie wavelength of an electron traveling at 1.59×105m/s ?
The de Broglie wavelength of an electron traveling at 1.59×105m/s is 0.4547 x 10⁻⁹ m.
What is an electron ?The elementary electric charge of the electron is a negative one, making it a subatomic particle. Due to their lack of known components or substructure, electrons, which are part of the first generation of the lepton particle family, are typically regarded to be elementary particles.
The length scale at which a particle's wave-like characteristics are significant is indicated by its de Broglie wavelength. The symbol or dB is typically used to indicate the De Broglie wavelength. The de Broglie wavelength for a particle with momentum p is given by dB = hp.
λ = h/mv
Where,
λ = wavelength of electron
m = mass of electron = 9.11e-31 kg
v = speed of electron = 1.59 × 10⁵ m/s
h = constant
Therefore,
λ = (6.626x10⁻³⁴J-s) ÷ [(9.11e-31 kg) (1.59 x 10⁵ m/s)]
λ = 0.4547 x 10⁻⁹ m
Thus, The de Broglie wavelength of an electron traveling at 1.59×105m/s is 0.4547 x 10⁻⁹ m.
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Which of the following is an inference?
1. the sky is blue.
2. air pollution is responsible for the colors we see during a sunset.
3. when I touch a glass of water with ice it is cold.
4. sugar is sweet.
Answer:
2) is an inference
Determine the name or formula for each polyatomic ion.
formula: PO3−4
name:
name: sulfite ion formula:
name: sulfate ion formula:
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
PO4{3-} is phosphate
Sulfite's formula is SO3{2-}
Sulfate is SO4{2-}
OH- is hydroxide
Note: {x±} signifies the charge of the entire molecule
The polyatomic ions in question are phosphite ion, sulfite ion, and sulfate ion.
Explanation:The formula PO3−4 represents the polyatomic ion called phosphite ion. It is composed of one phosphorus atom bonded to three oxygen atoms. The name of the sulfite ion is SO3−2, and it consists of one sulfur atom bonded to three oxygen atoms. Lastly, the sulfate ion has the formula SO4−2, and it is composed of one sulfur atom bonded to four oxygen atoms.
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What is the purpose of the arrow in a chemical equation?
The arrow in a chemical equation represents the direction of the reaction. It indicates the conversion of reactants into products. The arrow points from the reactant side to the product side, symbolizing the flow of the reaction.
The purpose of the arrow is to visually represent the chemical transformation occurring in the reaction. It shows the relationship between the reactants and products and the direction in which the reaction proceeds. The arrow implies that the reactant molecules are being rearranged and transformed into new substances with different properties.
Chemical equations are used to describe the stoichiometry and balance of reactions. The arrow helps convey this information by illustrating the overall process taking place. It serves as a crucial element in understanding the reaction's composition, reaction conditions, and the substances involved.
Furthermore, the arrow also implies that the reaction can occur in both directions. In reversible reactions, the arrow can be represented as a double-headed arrow, indicating that the reaction can proceed in either direction depending on the conditions.
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what is meiosis cell divison?
Answer:a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes
Explanation:
Answer:
Its a type of cell division that reduces chromosomes.
Explanation:
I believe not 100% sure tho.
I am giving the brainliest answer too
Explain… What are the subatomic particles of an atom, and where are they located in the atom? Be specific.
Atomic Particles
Atoms consist of three basic particles: protons, electrons, and neutrons. The nucleus (center) of the atom contains the protons (positively charged) and the neutrons (no charge). The outermost regions of the atom are called electron shells and contain the electrons (negatively charged).
I hope its help6.The ability to do which of the following is a chemical property of a substance?Select one:a. React with oxygen.b. Conduct electricity.c. Be drawn into a wire.d. Be worked into different shapes.
Answer:
\(A\text{ : React with oxygen}\)Explanation:
Here, we want to select the option that represents a chemical property
A chemical property is one in which there is a chemical change
Asides from the first option, the other are physical
By reacting with oxygen, entirely new substances are formed
. Suppose an infrared photon with a wavelength of 853 nm were combined with another infrared photon with a wavelength of 865 nm, what would be the wavelength of the new 'combined' photon, in nm
Answer:
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
wavelength λ₁ = 853 nm = 853 × 10⁻⁹ m
wavelength λ₂ = 865 nm = 865 × 10⁻⁹ m
we determine the energy of each photons using the following expression;
\(E_{photon\) = hc / λ
where h is Planck's constant ( 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s )
c is speed of light ( 3 × 10⁸ m/s )
For Photon with wavelength λ₁ = 853 × 10⁻⁹ m
\(E_{photon1\) = hc / λ
we substitute
= ( ( 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s )( 3 × 10⁸ m/s ) ) / (853 × 10⁻⁹ m)
= 1.9878 × 10⁻²⁵ / 853 × 10⁻⁹
= 2.33 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
For Photon with wavelength λ₂ = 865 × 10⁻⁹ m
\(E_{photon2\) = ( ( 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s )( 3 × 10⁸ m/s ) ) / (865 × 10⁻⁹ m)
= 1.9878 × 10⁻²⁵ / 865 × 10⁻⁹
= 2.298 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
We know that; energy of the combined photon will be equal to the sum of energies of the two photons.
so
Energy of the combined photon = \(E_{photon1\) + \(E_{photon2\)
\(E_{combined\) = 2.33 × 10⁻¹⁹ J + 2.298 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
\(E_{combined\) = 4.628 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
so wavelength of the new combined photon will be;
\(E_{combined\) = hc / λ\(_{combined\)
\(E_{combined\)λ\(_{combined\) = hc
λ\(_{combined\) = hc / \(E_{combined\)
we substitute
λ\(_{combined\) = ( ( 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s )( 3 × 10⁸ m/s ) ) / 4.628 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
= 1.9878 × 10⁻²⁵ / 4.628 × 10⁻¹⁹
= 4.2952 × 10⁻⁷ m
= ( 4.2952 × 10⁻⁷ × 10⁹ )nm
= 429.5 nm
Therefore, Wavelength of the new 'combined' photon is 429.5 nm
Choose the correct statement. At a higher temperature……………..
1.Energies of particles increase
2.Rate of reaction increases
3.Particles collide more frequently
4.All correct
Answer:
4. All correct
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Correctly write the chemical formula for as many ions and compounds as you can:
1. Copper (11) ion
2. Bromide ion
3. Magnesium ion
4. Phosphide ion
5. Copper (11) Bromide
6. Sulfur Dichloride
7. Barium Fluoride
8. Magnesium Phosphate
9. Lithium Permanganate
10. Strontium Sulfite
11. Nitrogen Monoxide
12. Diselenium Tetraoxide
13. Aluminum Sulfide
14. Tin (IV) lodide
15. Beryllium Oxide
16. Potassium Hydroxide
The chemical formulas for the ions and compounds you listed:
Copper (II) ion: Cu²⁺
Bromide ion: Br⁻
Magnesium ion: Mg²⁺
Phosphide ion: P³⁻
Copper (I) Bromide: CuBr
Sulfur Dichloride: SCl₂
Barium Fluoride: BaF₂
Magnesium Phosphate: Mg₃(PO₄)₂
Lithium Permanganate: LiMnO₄
Strontium Sulfite: SrSO₃
Nitrogen Monoxide: NO
Diselenium Tetraoxide: Se₂O₄
Aluminum Sulfide: Al₂S₃
Tin (IV) Iodide: SnI₄
Beryllium Oxide: BeO
Potassium Hydroxide: KOH
Copper (II) ion: Cu²⁺
Copper (II) ion has a charge of 2+ and is represented by Cu²⁺. This means that copper has lost two electrons, resulting in a 2+ charge.
Bromide ion: Br⁻
The bromide ion has a charge of 1- and is represented by Br⁻. This means that bromine has gained one electron, resulting in a 1- charge.
Magnesium ion: Mg²⁺
The magnesium ion has a charge of 2+ and is represented by Mg²⁺. This means that magnesium has lost two electrons, resulting in a 2+ charge.
Phosphide ion: P³⁻
The phosphide ion has a charge of 3- and is represented by P³⁻. This means that phosphorus has gained three electrons, resulting in a 3- charge.
Copper (I) Bromide: CuBr
Copper (I) bromide is a compound formed by combining copper (I) ion (Cu⁺) and bromide ion (Br⁻). The charges of the ions balance each other, resulting in a neutral compound.
Sulfur Dichloride: SCl₂
Sulfur dichloride is a compound consisting of one sulfur atom (S) and two chlorine atoms (Cl). The subscript "2" indicates the presence of two chlorine atoms.
Barium Fluoride: BaF₂
Barium fluoride is a compound composed of one barium ion (Ba²⁺) and two fluoride ions (F⁻). The charges of the ions balance each other, resulting in a neutral compound.
Magnesium Phosphate: Mg₃(PO₄)₂
Magnesium phosphate is a compound consisting of one magnesium ion (Mg²⁺) and two phosphate ions (PO₄³⁻). The charges of the ions balance each other, resulting in a neutral compound. The subscript "3" indicates the presence of three magnesium ions, and the subscript "2" indicates the presence of two phosphate ions.
Lithium Permanganate: LiMnO₄
Lithium permanganate is a compound composed of one lithium ion (Li⁺) and one permanganate ion (MnO₄⁻). The charges of the ions balance each other, resulting in a neutral compound.
Strontium Sulfite: SrSO₃
Strontium sulfite is a compound consisting of one strontium ion (Sr²⁺) and one sulfite ion (SO₃²⁻). The charges of the ions balance each other, resulting in a neutral compound.
Nitrogen Monoxide: NO
Nitrogen monoxide is a compound composed of one nitrogen atom (N) and one oxygen atom (O). Since the compound does not contain ions, it is represented by its elemental symbols.
Diselenium Tetraoxide: Se₂O₄
Diselenium tetraoxide is a compound consisting of two selenium atoms (Se) and four oxygen atoms (O). The prefix "di-" indicates the presence of two selenium atoms.
Aluminum Sulfide: Al₂S₃
Aluminum sulfide is a compound composed of two aluminum ions (Al³⁺) and three sulfide ions (S²⁻). The charges of the ions balance each other, resulting in a neutral compound. The subscript "
2" indicates the presence of two aluminum ions, and the subscript "3" indicates the presence of three sulfide ions.
Tin (IV) Iodide: SnI₄
Tin (IV) iodide is a compound formed by combining tin (IV) ion (Sn⁴⁺) and iodide ion (I⁻). The charges of the ions balance each other, resulting in a neutral compound.
Beryllium Oxide: BeO
Beryllium oxide is a compound composed of one beryllium ion (Be²⁺) and one oxygen ion (O²⁻). The charges of the ions balance each other, resulting in a neutral compound.
Potassium Hydroxide: KOH
Potassium hydroxide is a compound consisting of one potassium ion (K⁺) and one hydroxide ion (OH⁻). The charges of the ions balance each other, resulting in a neutral compound.
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finish the equation. must be balanced with phases. please help
Answer: 2Li+(aq) + SO42-(aq) + Ca2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) = 2Li+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) + CaSO4(s)
Explanation:
Li2SO4 + Ca(NO3)2 → LiNO3 + CaSO4
Lithium Sulfate + Calcium Nitrate = Lithium Nitrate + Calcium Sulfate
Balanced:
Li2SO4 + Ca(NO3)2 → 2LiNO3 + CaSO4
Write the state for each molecule if as aqueous, solid or liquid. All nitrates are normally soluble and sulfates are also soluble with few exceptions which are partially soluble.
2Li+(aq) + SO42-(aq) + Ca2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) = 2Li+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) + CaSO4(s)
What mass, in grams, of sodium sulfate is needed to make 230.5 g of a 3.5 % (m/m) aqueous solution of sodium sulfate?
The percent concentration of a solution can be calculated from; mass of solute /mass of solution * 100. The mass of the solute here is 8.1 g.
What is concentration?The term concentration refers to the amount of solute presnt in a solution. There are many ways of expressing concentration such as molarity, molality and percentage.
Here;
mass of solution = 230.5 g
Percent of solute = 3.5 %
3.5 = x/ 230.5 * 100
3.5 = 100x/230.5
230.5(3.5) = 100x
x = 230.5(3.5) /100
x = 8.1 g
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A sample of helium occupies a volume of 160cm3 at 100 KPa and 25°c. what volume will it occupy if the pressure is adjusted to 80 KPa and the temperature remains unchanged?
Answer:
Explanation:Explore this page
About the gas laws calculator
This is an ideal gas law calculator which incorporates the Boyle's law , Charles's law, Avogadro's law and Gay Lussac's law into one easy to use tool you can use as a:
Boyle's Law-
\(\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\star\:\sf \underline{ P_1 \: V_1=P_2 \: V_2}\\\)
(Pressure is inversely proportional to the volume)
Where-
\(\sf V_1\) = Initial volume\(\sf V_2\) = Final volume\(\sf P_1\) = Initial pressure\(\sf P_2\) = Final pressureAs per question, we are given that -
\(\sf V_1\) = 160 cm³\(\sf P_1\) = 100KPa\(\sf P_2\) = 80KPaNow that we have all the required values and we are asked to find out that volume which will be occupied if the pressure is adjusted to 80 KPa and the temperature remains unchanged. For that we can put the values and solve for the final volume of helium-
\(\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\star\:\sf \underline{ P_1 \: V_1=P_2 \: V_2}\)
\(\:\:\:\: \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf 100 \times 160 = 80 \times V_2\\\)
\( \:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf V_2 = \dfrac{100 \times 160}{80}\\\)
\( \:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf V_2 =100\times \cancel{\dfrac{ 160}{80}}\\\)
\(\:\:\:\: \:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf V_2 = 100 \times 2\\\)
\( \:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\longrightarrow \sf \underline{V_2 = 200 \:cm^3 }\\\)
Therefore, 200 cm³ will be occupied if the pressure is adjusted to 80 KPa and the temperature remains unchanged.The pressure of a 1.7379 mol sample of Ne in a 92.202 L container is measured to be 1.4948 atm. What is the temperature of this gas in kelvins?
The temperature of a 1.7379 mole of a gas with a pressure of 1.4948 atm and volume of 92.202 L is 965.69K .
How to calculate temperature?The temperature of a given gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
Where;
P = pressure = 1.4948atmV = volume = 92.202LR = gas law constant = 0.0821 Latm/molKn = number of moles = 1.7379molT = temperature1.4948 × 92.202 = 1.7379 × 0.0821 × T
137.82 = 0.142T
T = 137.82 ÷ 0.142
T = 965.69K
Therefore, the temperature of a 1.7379 mole of a gas with a pressure of 1.4948 atm and volume of 92.202 L is 965.69K.
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which of the following are considered biofuels? select all that apply. check all that apply cellulosic ethanolcellulosic ethanol grain ethanolgrain ethanol methane from sewage and manuremethane from sewage and manure natural gas from shalenatural gas from shale biodiesel from soybean oilbiodiesel from soybean oil wind energy wind energy coal
The cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol grain ethanol grain ethanol methane are considered biofuels. The two most common biofuels used today are ethanol and biodiesel.
Both of which are the first generation biofuel technologies. The BETO is working with industry to develop next-generation biofuels from waste, the cellulosic biomass, and algae-based resources. Ethanol (often derived from corn in the United States and sugarcane in Brazil), biodiesel (derived from vegetable oils and liquid animal fats), green diesel (derived from algae and other plant sources), and the biogas are examples of the biofuels (methane derived from animal manure and other digested organic material).
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(c) 45 g C,H, react with 45 g Cl₂ according to the equation:
Cl₂ + C6H6 C6H5Cl + HCI. What is the limiting reactant? What mass of HCI will be produced?
-
In the given reaction, the limiting reactant is C₆H₆ (benzene).
To determine the limiting reactant as well as calculate the mass of HCl produced, compare the moles of each reactant.
The number of moles for each reactant:
Molar mass of Cl₂ = 35.5 g/mol + 35.5 g/mol = 71 g/mol
Moles of Cl₂ = mass of Cl₂ / molar mass of Cl₂
= 45 g / 71 g/mol
= 0.634 moles of Cl₂
Molar mass of C₆H₆ (benzene) = 12 g/mol + 6(1 g/mol) = 78 g/mol
Moles of C₆H₆ = mass of C₆H₆ / molar mass of C₆H₆
= 45 g / 78 g/mol = 0.577 moles of C₆H₆
Determine the stoichiometry between Cl₂ and HCl:
Cl₂ + C₆H₆ → C₆H₅Cl + HCl
Here, we can see that 1 mole of Cl₂ produces 1 mole of HCl.
Thus, the limiting reactant is C₆H₆ (benzene).
Calculate the mass of HCl produced:
Molar mass of HCl = 1 g/mol + 35.5 g/mol = 36.5 g/mol
Moles of HCl produced = moles of C₆H₆ = 0.577 moles
Mass of HCl produced = moles of HCl produced × molar mass of HCl
Mass of HCl produced = 0.577 moles × 36.5 g/mol
≈ 21.04 g
Therefore, approximately 21.04 grams of HCl will be produced.
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