1) ___________________ is the term for all the microorganisms living in your intestines. Pathogenic means ____________________. ____________ g of fresh feces is collected from a donor for FMT. _____________________ is the name of the stool bank opened in 2012 by researchers at MIT. A ____________________ is a device that delivers fecal solution through a tube that contains a mounted camera. C. Diff releases ___________________ and cytotoxin. 2) What does FMT stand for and what is involved in this procedure? 3) How is C. Diff transmitted from person to person? 4) How does using broad spectrum antibiotics put a patient at risk of getting a C. Diff infection? 5) How does FMT get rid of C. Diff infections? 6) For FMT, can you get donor feces from anyone? Justify your answer. 7) Why might patients who need antibiotic treatment decide to collect a sample of their own feces before the treatment? Article
Answers
Explanation:
1) human microbiota is the term for all the microorganisms living in your intestines. Pathogenic means been able to cause diseases. 30-50g of fresh feces is collected from a donor for FMT. OpenBiome is the name of the stool bank opened in 2012 by researchers at MIT. A Fecalyzer is a device that delivers a fecal solution through a tube that contains a mounted camera. C. Diff releases TcdA, TcdB, and cytotoxin.
2) FMT stand for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation. What is involved in this procedure is that someone's (the donor) stool is carefully screened, if healthy stool it is transplanted into the colon of a patient.
3) Medical experts agree that C. Diff transmitted from person to person by means of feces that come in contact with food, objects, or surfaces, which are then touched by other people who fail to wash their hands thoroughly.
Related Questions
Selective breeding produces cultivated varieties of plants within the same genus. Cultivars often use ____
names following the genus, which are not based in Latin. For example, for a hybrid tea rose which is
black, it is called Rosa'Black Baccara'.
Answers
Answer:
Binomial
Explanation:
Answer:
The correct answer is - cultivar epithet.
Explanation:
Selective breeding results in cultivated varieties of plants of the same genus. These cultivated varieties are called cultivar names. This cultivar name consists of the scientific Latin botanical genus name followed by a name called as cultivar epithet.
Vernacular language is the full cultivar epithet of the species such as an example given here of herbal hybrid tea called Rosa 'Black Baccara'.
The 2007 U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act set a goal of producing 36 billion gallons of renewable fuels by 2022. In 2017, the United States used approximately 19.4 million barrels of oil per day, or about 7.1 billion barrels per year (https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/united-states/oil-consumption). If each barrel of oil produces about 32 gallons of usable fuel (gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil), how would the production of 36 billion gallons of biofuels impact the overall amount of energy needed by the United States?
Answers
If each barrel of oil produces about 32 gallons (0.12 m³) of usable fuel (gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil), the production of 36 billion gallons of biofuels will highly impact the overall amount of energy needed by the United States.
What is the U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act?The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) is a comprehensive energy bill that was signed by President George W. Bush on December 19, 2007.
The act aims to reduce the country's dependence on foreign oil and promote the use of renewable energy, sources, while also enhancing the nature's energy security. This act increases fuel efficiency standards for vehicles, encourage development of advanced biofuels etc.
Overall, EISA represents a major step forward in the US's efforts to transition to a more sustainable and secure energy future.
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Which process starts the formation of soil? O A. Bedrock breaks down into smaller particles. O B. Rock particles clump together in an aggregate. C. Sediment stays and settles in a location. O D. Sediment moves from one place to another place
Answers
Answer:
it is option A as rock needs to be broken down into sediments before it can become soil
The root word -elle translates to small. Use this information to develop your own definition for organelle
Answers
Answer:
Look below
Explanation:
An organelle is a very small cellular part or structure that has a very specific job/task in the cell.
Which part of the nerve cell is specially constructed to transmit a message from one cell to another nerve cell?.
Answers
The part of the nerve cell specially constructed to transmit a message from one cell to another nerve cell is axon.
What is a nerve cell?Nerve cells are electrically excitable cell that communicates with other cells via specialized connections called synapses.
Nerve cells are specialized cells of the nervous system which conducts nerve impulses. Nerve cells, also known as neurons are the basic functional units of the nervous system, which are made up of three components as follows:
DendritesAxonSomaThe cell body, also called the soma contains the cell’s nucleus, which controls the activities of the cell. The dendrites are extensions that branch off the cell body and receive chemical signals from other neurons, which they convert to electrical impulses and transmit to the cell body.
Axons are a long extension that carries information away from the cell body. It is where information leaves the nerve cell and is passed on to target cells.
Therefore, the axon is the part of the nerve cell that is specifically constructed to transmit message from one cell to another.
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A mountain range that separates two
species of bears is an example of which
of the following types of barriers?
A. ecologic isolation
B. temporal isolation
C. geographic isolation
D. mechanical isolation
Answers
A mountain range that separates two species of bears is an example of geographic isolation. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
What is Species separation?Species separation may be characterized as a type of mechanism through which species are separated from one another by prezygotic and postzygotic barriers, which prevent mating or the production of viable, fertile offspring.
The process of speciation may occur due to isolating mechanisms, like geographical isolation which is known as allopatric isolation. Different geographical areas play an important role in the process of separating two or more species that give rise to speciation.
Therefore, a mountain range that separates two species of bears is an example of geographic isolation. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
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class iv viruses are characterized by which of the following types of genomes?
Answers
Class IV viruses are characterized by having a single-stranded RNA genome that serves as a messenger RNA (mRNA) once it enters the host cell.
Class IV viruses are unique in that they have a single-stranded RNA genome that can directly serve as messenger RNA (mRNA) once it infects the host cell. This means that the viral RNA can immediately be translated into proteins by the host cell's ribosomes. Class IV viruses also typically have a small genome size and a simple structure. Some examples of Class IV viruses include the Picornaviridae family (e.g. poliovirus, rhinovirus) and the Caliciviridae family (e.g. norovirus).
Class IV viruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that can serve as mRNA, making them unique among the different classes of viruses. This allows for rapid protein synthesis once the virus enters the host cell. Understanding the genome and structure of Class IV viruses is important for developing antiviral treatments and vaccines.
Class IV viruses are characterized by having a single-stranded RNA genome that serves as a messenger RNA (mRNA) once it enters the host cell. This RNA is positive-sense, meaning that it can be immediately translated into proteins by the host cell's ribosomes. The genome of Class IV viruses is typically small and simple, with a capsid structure that can range from icosahedral to helical.
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Which two processes during cellular respiration release chemical energy
stored in chemical bonds?
A. The conversion of NADH to NAD*
B. The splitting of glucose
C. The production of ATP by ATP synthase
D. The conversion of FAD to FADH2
Answers
The splitting of glucose release chemical energy stored in chemical bonds.
In process of cellular respiration, the energy in food is converted into the energy that is used by the body's cells. In process of cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are converted into carbon dioxide and water, and the energy is converted to ATP.
Cellular respiration, is the process that takes place in the mitochondria of organisms which break down sugar in the presence of oxygen and release energy in form of ATP. Carbon dioxide and water are released as the waste products.
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For the third step of cellular respiration,provide a detailed step by step processwhat happens in your answer include allimportant molecules, location of events inputsand outputs of the process
Answers
The electron transport chain is the third and final step of cellular respiration. In this stage, high-energy electrons are released from NADPH and FADH2. This electrons move along the electron transport chains located in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.
It has a series of protein complexes in the mitochondrial membrane where electrons from donor molecules are transferred to these protein complexes. These electrons can be transferred by pumping hydrogen ions. The pumping of hydrogen ions generates the gradient required for the ATP synthase to produce ATP.
These are the protein complexes that are found in the mitochondrial membrane, NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome b-c1, cytochrome oxidase, and ATP synthase. There are also two mobile carriers found in the mitochondrial membrane that help carries out the process and these are ubiquinone and cytochrome c.
The electron transport chain starts off with two electrons being passed from the NADH to the NADH dehydrogenase complex. This transfer involves the pumping of one hydrogen ion for each electron and these two electrons are transferred to ubiquinone. The ubiquinone then moves the electrons to the cytochrome b-c 1 and the electrons are transferred to cytochrome c. The electrons are then passed on to the cytochrome oxidase which requires four electrons. These four electrons interact with oxygen molecules and 8 hydrogen ions. The four electrons, four hydrogen ions, and oxygen molecules are combined to form two water molecules and the other four-hydrogen ions are pumped across the mitochondrial membrane. The pumping of hydrogen ions generates the gradient which is a requirement for the ATP synthase to create ATP.
Substance A has an LD50 of 3 milligrams per kilogram of body mass for a species of fish. Substance B has an LD50 of 10 milligram per kilogram of body mass. Which substance is considered more deadly?
Substance A
Substance B
They are equally deadly.
This cannot be determined without the ED50.
Answers
Answer:
LD50 means a lethal dose of a particular substance or drug is given to a group of animals in a test group. This dose has the ability and capacity to kills 50% of the population of the test group of animals.
If Substance A has an LD50 of 20 mg/kg of body mass, this means that for 1 kg of body mass, 20 mg of substance A can kill 50% of the population that substance A was given to the test group.
If Substance B has an LD50 of 10 mg/kg of body mass, this means that for 1 kg of body mass, 10 mg of substance A can kill 50% of the population that substance B was given to the test group.
Therefore, Substance B is deadlier than Substance A because the quantity of substance B (10mg) is less than the quantity of Substance A (20mg) and it has the same lethal effect on the population.
Explanation:
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Answer:
B
Explanation:
Substance B is deadlier than Substance A because the quantity of substance B (10mg) is less than the quantity of Substance A (20mg) and it has the same lethal effect on the population.
Which factor that affects the Florida peninsula can result from human activity
Answers
Answer:
The mining of phosphate and erosion of the coast
Explanation:
Answer:
d
Explanation:
i did the test ed 2020
PLEASE ONLY ANSWER IF YOU ACTUALLY UNDERSTAND THE CONTENT!
An animal population has two alleles, "B" and "b". They are normal Mendelian alleles. The "B" allele is found at 80% of the gene pool, and the "b" allele is only at 20% of the gene pool. This population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. What will the percentage of "B" alleles be in the next two generations?
A) 80% and 80%
B) 80% and 64%
C) 60% and 40%
D) 50% and 25%
E) 80% and 40%
Answers
Answer:
c. 60% and 40% have a good day too btw :) <3
How would absence of atmosphere affect the earth?
Answers
Answer:
If there is no atmosphere the sun rays will directly come to us and it will damage our eyes. and we cannot fly rockets also..
How many calories per day would a 5 month old, 7 kg infant need based on 108 calories per kg? Round to the nearest whole calorie. A recipe contains a total of 100 grams of fat. The recipe feeds 4 people. How many grams of fat is in each serving?
Answers
A 5-month-old, 7 kg infant would need 756 calories per day.
Each serving of the recipe would contain 25 grams of fat.
To calculate the number of calories per day that a 5-month-old infant would need based on 108 calories per kg, we can use the infant's weight of 7 kg:
Calories per day = Weight (kg) x Calories per kg
Calories per day = 7 kg x 108 calories/kg
Calories per day ≈ 756 calories
Therefore, a 5-month-old, 7 kg infant would need approximately 756 calories per day.
To determine the number of grams of fat in each serving of a recipe that contains a total of 100 grams of fat and feeds 4 people, we divide the total fat by the number of servings:
Grams of fat per serving = Total grams of fat / Number of servings
Grams of fat per serving = 100 grams / 4 servings
Grams of fat per serving = 25 grams
Therefore, each serving of the recipe would contain 25 grams of fat.
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What two factors work together to create the subatmospheric intrapleural pressure when a person is resting quietly at the end of an unforced expiration with the muscles relaxed and no air flowing?a. The positive pressure in the atmosphere at sea level.b. The tendency of the chest wall to expand due to elastic roll.c. The subatmospheric alveolar pressure.d. The cartilaginous rings surround the large airways.e. The tendency of the lungs to collapse due to elastic roll
Answers
B) The tendency of the chest wall to expand due to elastic roll.
The two factors that work together to create subatmospheric intrapleural pressure when a person is resting quietly at the end of an unforced expiration with the muscles relaxed and no air flowing are the tendency of the chest wall to expand due to elastic recoil and the tendency of the lungs to collapse due to elastic recoil. When a person exhales and no longer actively contracts their respiratory muscles, the elastic recoil of the lungs causes them to decrease in volume.
At the same time, the chest wall naturally springs outward due to its elastic properties. These opposing forces create a subatmospheric pressure within the pleural cavity, which helps to keep the lungs inflated and allows for gas exchange to occur.
The other options listed (positive pressure in the atmosphere, subatmospheric alveolar pressure, and cartilaginous rings surrounding the large airways) are important factors in respiratory physiology but do not directly contribute to the creation of subatmospheric intrapleural pressure at rest.
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Large holes in the ground left over after mining operations are sometimes called what
Answers
Answer:
a pinge?
Explanation:
Large holes in the ground left over after the mining operations are sometimes known as the pinge. These are made up by the mining activities that are making the depression or the sink holes in it.
What kind of activity is pinge made up by ?It is the human activity in which the extractions are done in order to make the use of the resources . It is the artificial human activity.
This depression or sink-hole is usually caused out by collapse of the old underground mine works which are close to Earth's surface.Unlike any natural landforms , a Pinge is the direct result of the human activity. The collapses do make up big larger holes that almost makes the pinges in the process of mining.
Pinge is also formed by the surface in which the land is not supported properly and the extraction has made the holes in the lands because of the more pressure and the type of extracting machines that are being used in it.
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What effect does the Earth spinning on its axis have on winds and currents?
The density of the water is increased causing the water to sink, forming deep ocean currents.
B) Global winds will move along a curved path and therefore cause ocean currents to curve.
Global winds will move along a straight path and will have no effect on ocean currents.
The moon's gravitational pull on the Earth is increased, causing water to move up the coast.
Answers
Answer:
B) Global winds will move along a curved path and therefore cause ocean currents to curve.
Explanation:
Earth rotation can be defined as the amount of time taken by planet earth to complete its spinning movement on its axis.
This ultimately implies that, the rotation of earth refers to the time taken by earth to rotate once on its axis. One spinning movement of the earth on its axis takes approximately 24 hours to complete with respect to the sun.
Basically, the effect of the Earth spinning on its axis have on winds and currents is that Global winds will move along a curved path and therefore cause ocean currents to curve. As a result of the Earth's rotation on its axis, a phenomenon known as Coriolis effect arises. Coriolis effect occurs when circulating winds are deflected to the left in the southern hemisphere and to the right in the northern hemisphere.
Hence, rather than have this air circulating in a straight pattern, it is deflected to the left of the southern hemisphere and to the right of the northern hemisphere, typically in a curved path or pattern.
1 .Which of the following types of garden is illustrated in the picture above?
a. Sakuteiki
b. karesansui
c. roji
d. temple garden
Answers
during muscle contractions, myosin motor proteins move across tracks of
Answers
Answer:its C
Explanation:
A pedigree uses specific symbols to indicate genetic information about related individuals. Consider the figure, which depicts a pedigree with three generations of a family affected by a rare genetic disorder. Place the individuals based on the information in the pedigree. Some individuals may not be used Affected male Unaffected female Siblings Answer Bank
Answers
A pedigree is a visual representation of a family's genetic history, illustrating relationships and the presence of specific traits. Symbols are used to represent individuals and their genetic status.
A pedigree is a visual representation of a family's genetic history, illustrating relationships and the presence of specific traits. In the pedigree you described with three generations affected by a rare genetic disorder, symbols are used to represent individuals and their genetic status. Affected males are usually represented by filled squares, while unaffected females are represented by unfilled circles. Siblings are connected by horizontal lines. Based on the information provided, individuals can be placed within the pedigree according to their genetic status and familial relationships.
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What is a reason for peer reriew?
A: to maintain scientific standards
B:to allow anyone to submit research
C:to ensure that science remains elitist
Answers
during exercise, sensory receptors detect changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood. this information is then sent to the brain's medul
Answers
Exercise is important for the body to function properly.
What is Exercise ?Exercise is a bodily activity that improves or maintains physical fitness as well as general health and wellness.
It is done for a variety of objectives, such to support growth and enhance strength, build muscles and the cardiovascular system, refine athletic abilities, lose or maintain weight, improve health, or just for fun. Many people like to work out outside where they may interact, gather in groups, and enhance their physical and mental health.
The amount of recommended exercise for health benefits depends on the objective, the type of activity, and the person's age. Exercise is healthy, no matter how little you do.
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a student completes a pet experiment using chloroplasts from leaves lacking pigments that absorb in the 550 nm to 600 nm wavelength range. which color of light should they avoid in their experiment if they want to measure activity at different wavelengths?
Answers
The student should avoid using yellow light, which has wavelength around 550-580, which will not get absorbed at all since the pigment absorbing this wavelength is missing
Color Wavelength (nm)
Red 650 - 800
Orange 590 - 640
Yellow 550 - 580
Blue 460 - 480
Indigo 440 - 450
Violet 390 - 430
The distance over which a periodic wave's form repeats is known as the wavelength in physics. It is a property of both traveling waves and standing waves as well as other spatial wave patterns.
It is the distance between two successive corresponding locations of the same phase on the wave, such as two nearby crests, troughs, or zero crossings. The spatial frequency is the reciprocal of wavelength. The Greek letter lambda () is frequently used to represent wavelength.
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Full Question :A student completes a PET experiment using chloroplasts from leaves lacking pigments that absorb in the 550 nm to 600 nm wavelength range. Which color of light should they avoid in their experiment if they want to measure activity at different wavelengths? Absorbance 360 760 460560660 Wavelength (nm)
O Blue
O Orange
O Yellow
O Red
O Violet
Briefly explain how specific protein molecules change over many years resulting in evolution.
Answers
Answer:
Protein evolution is inescapably tied to changes and selection of DNA polymorphisms and mutations because protein sequences change in response to alterations in the DNA sequence.
Amino acid sequences and nucleic acid sequences do not mutate at the same rate.
Answer:
Protein evolution is inescapably tied to changes and selection of DNA polymorphisms and mutations because protein sequences change in response to alterations in the DNA sequence. Amino acid sequences and nucleic acid sequences do not mutate at the same rate.
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50 POINTS + BRAINLIEST IF CORRECT.
Which of these statements about ocean water is always correct?
a.) Its area is less than the area of freshwater.
b.)Its salinity is less than the salinity of freshwater.
c.) Its density is greater than the density of freshwater.
d.)Its temperature is greater than the temperature of freshwater.
Answers
Answer:
c.) Its density is greater than the density of freshwater.Explanation:
Seawater is denser than both fresh water and pure water because the dissolved salts increase the mass by a larger proportion than the volume.
The freezing point of seawater decreases as salt concentration increases.
Answer:
C.) Its density is greater than the density of freshwater.
Explanation:
Average density at the surface is 1.025 kg/l. Seawater is denser than both fresh water and pure water (density 1.0 kg/l at 4 °C (39 °F)) because the dissolved salts increase the mass by a larger proportion than the volume. The freezing point of seawater decreases as salt concentration increases.
I'm not sure it could also be D
En una situación experimental, tras permanecer en ayunas, tres personas ingieren: la primera (A) una ración de celulosa, la segunda (B) una ración de glucosa y la tercera (C) una ración de almidón. Compare la rapidez con la que suba la glucemia (nivel de glucosa en sangre) de las tres personas. Razone la respuesta.
Answers
Answer:
La respuesta correcta es: "El orden de rapidez en el sube la glucemia es el siguiente: (B) una ración de glucosa, (C) una ración de almidón y (A) una ración de celulosa".
Explanation:
La rapidez a la que sube el nivel de glucosa en la sangre depende del alimento que estemos ingiriendo. En este caso, el ingerir una ración de glucosa será lo que aumente el nivel de glucemia más rápidamente dado que no requiere ningún procesamiento digestivo. En segundo lugar será el almidón, el cuál debe ser degradado por la enzima amilasa para tener acceso a la glucosa. En último lugar será la celulosa, dado que no tenemos las enzimas necesarias para digerirla y se requiere la ayuda de microorganismos para hacerlo.
Cell theory states that all living things contain one or more cells. why do you think chill theory meets the definition of a scientific theory? Do you think it should be a scientific law? Explain your response.
Answers
The cell theory meets the definition of a scientific theory, yes because the scientific theory refers to the well-proven explanation of aspects of the natural world.
What does the cell theory claim?Cell theory states that all living things are composed of cells, the basic structural and organizational unit of all organisms, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
The cell theory is a scientific theory because it managed not only to theorize but also to prove in a way that supports the arguments of a scientific theory. When a theory can be proved in general, it becomes a law, so yes it could be a law.
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Which of these are analogous concepts from touch, vision, and hearing, respectively?
A. fast adaptation; dark adaptation; auditory adaptation
B. two-point threshold; rod and cone adaptation; two-tone suppression
C. megnalimbic coding; visualimbic coding; audiolimbic coding
D. somatotopic mapping; retinotopic mapping; tonotopic mapping
Answers
D. Somatotopic mapping; retinotopic mapping; tonotopic mapping.
Somatotopic mapping refers to the organization of the somatosensory system, where sensory information from different body parts is represented in an ordered manner on the somatosensory cortex. Retinotopic mapping refers to the organization of the visual system, where visual information from different regions of the retina is represented in a spatially organized manner in the visual cortex. Tonotopic mapping refers to the organization of the auditory system, where different frequencies of sound are represented in an orderly manner along the auditory pathway, from the cochlea to the auditory cortex. These concepts highlight the idea of spatial organization and mapping of sensory information in the respective sensory systems. They demonstrate how different areas of the brain are dedicated to processing specific aspects of touch, vision, and hearing, allowing for efficient perception and interpretation of sensory stimuli in each modality. are somatotopic mapping, retinotopic mapping, and tonotopic mapping.
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A(n) _______
is a special type of scientific investigation
that is performed under controlled conditions typically
including a dependent and independent variable.
Answers
Answer:
experiment
Explanation:
When you are controlling the conditions it is called an experiment.
An experiment is a special type of scientific investigation that is performed under controlled conditions typically including a dependent and independent variable.
What is scientific investigations?A scientific investigation is a strategy for posing questions as well as testing potential responses.
Anecdotes are usually the starting point for a scientific investigation. Observations frequently generate questions.
Based on scientific knowledge, a hypothesis is a possible logical answer to a scientific question.
The goals of scientific research are to generate knowledge and provide explanations.
Science investigations are carried out in a variety of settings and by a wide range of individuals. Scientific investigations are carried out in a variety of ways that focus primarily on the collection of various types of evidence.
Thus, an experiment is a sort of scientific investigation which takes place under lab settings and generally involves a dependent as well as independent variable.
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A trampoline is an example of
potential energy and another example would be a
A)
kinetic; windmill
B)
chemical; battery
9
elastic; rubber band
D)
gravitational; roller coaster.
Answers
Answer:
C is correct bet bet bet bet